Question

What drugs are used in treatment of HIV

Answer 1

One of the most dangerous and widely spread syndromes is known as

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome or HIV/AIDS. It is is a combination of conditions due to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).

In the treatment of HIV, many different types of medicines are used.

Some of them contain:

• Trimeq(lamivudine,dolutegravir,abacavir)

• Jaluca(dolutegravir, rilpivirine)

• Atripla, Genvoya, and Stribild etc.

There are different classes of drugs:

1. NRTIs or Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors :

by stopping the life cycle of HIV

1. abacavir

2. Epzicom

3. Trizivir

4. Combivir

5. lamivudine

6. zidovudine or Retrovir

2. Entry inhibitors

• Fuzeon

3. CCR5 antagonists

• Inhibitors of Integrase: They are a class of drugs that eliminate the enzymatic section of integrase.

• Isentress HD

• Vitekta or elvitegravir

• Tivicay or olutegravir

• Isentress or raltegravir

4. CYP3A inhibitors

7. NNRTIs or Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Works similarly to NRTIs.

• nevirapine

• efavirenz

• etravirine

• nevirapine extended-release

• rilpivirine

8. Protease inhibitors

• Evotaz

• darunavir/cobicistat

• Kaletra

There are 3 main stages in HIV/AIDS:

Stage1: Acute infection

When an individual is infected with the virus. after four weeks later acute infection occurs. the virus started to multiply by attacking the cells(CD4).

It may cause flu-like symptoms(including fever, headache and rashes).

Stage2: Clinical latency

After initial symptoms, the stage occurs is known as clinical latency. In absence of treatment, it may remain from 3 years to 20 years(avg around 8 years.

symptoms: weight loss, fever, pain in muscles lymph nodes development.

Stage 3:AIDS:

In this stage, CD4 TCell count becomes lower than 200 cells/ µL.  

There is the bidirectional connection between HIV infection and psychosocial factors because it can affect the progression of desires and influence the further treatment process. psychoneuroimmunology and psychosocial research are helpful to support caregiving and coping.

Hence, Biopsychosocial factors play an important role in the progression of AIDS.