Question

the name of the course is health behavior

The stress research came up with two important physiological system reaction:

A. Name the two system (2.5 points)

B. Give an example of the main hormonal release by the two system (2.5 points)

2. The Psychological Influences on Immunity and Disease studied extensively:

A. Name the interdisciplinary science (1 mark).

B. Give two examples of life event that may cause such stress (2 points, one for each example)

C. Describe how the stress of some life events may be linked to illness. (2 points)

Week 5 questions:

Mention one demographic variable and how it is important in seeking for medical consultation? (5 points)

Mention one factor that affects the patient compliance and explains how it does so? (5 points)

Answer 1

1a. The physiological reaction of the body during stress comprises of two main pathways, which are dear led as under:

- Short term stress responses, that is the ‘fight or flight’ response is generated via the Sympathomedullary Pathway (SAM).

- Long term stress is regulated by the Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) system.

1b. The hormones released by the two systems of stress response include:

- In case of the SAM pathway, adrenaline is released that leads to the arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and a corresponding reduction in activity in the parasympathetic nervous system.

- In case of the HPA pathway, when the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland, the pituitary gland secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) when then stimulates the adrenal gland to release corticosteroid, also known as, cortisol. Thus the end hormone released in this system is cortisol.

3a. Long term stress has been shown to be linked to various illness:

- Corticosteroid suppresses the immune system in the body, increasing risk for viral infections.

- Stress also alters the acid concentration in the stomach, which can lead to peptic ulcers, stress ulcers or ulcerative colitis.

Please post the other questions separately.