Essay on 5 paragraphs the topic is :

health  and Medicine

Underline your thesis statement

Underline the main idea sentence

Underline the re-stated thesis statement

Answering of these questions:

• What will be the effects of the rise in obesity on the healthcare system?
• What effect does stress have on health?
• What effect does an increased use of technology have on health?

As a nursing student:

Why is it important to learn about the urinary and reproductive systems? (1 paragraph 5-8 sentences)

Why is it important to learn and study the cardiovascular system? (1 paragraph 5-8 sentences)

This semester, you were introduced to the multidisciplinary nature of public health. The various topics we covered throughout the course addressed the complex biological, behavioral, and social aspects of both chronic and infectious diseases.

• Compared to the beginning of the semester, has your view of what public health is changed now that we have reached the end of the course? If so, how? (4 points)
• Which public health topic interested you the most? (3 points)
• Which public health topic did you find challenging? (3 points)

Part 1: Determining Costs

For part 1 Submit your answer showing the appropriate calculations! This way I can tell if it was a math error or if you were not able to calculate costs.

Mrs. A. Smith has requested records from her last inpatient stay in the hospital and states that she will pick the records up when they are ready. Her stay was a result of a motor
vehicle accident and she is requesting the films of her head CT and leg MRI (5 films total) be specifically included; additionally, there are 47 total pages that will need to be printed
from the EHR. Your state imposes restrictions on what can be charged for production of medical record requests. Using the information below, calculate the cost to Mrs. Smith for
her records.

For requests made by patients or their representatives, hospitals may charge:

$3.40 per page for the first 10 pages,
68 cents per page for pages 11-50,
30 cents per page for pages numbering more than 50.

With respect to data resulting from an x-ray, MRI, or CAT scan, recorded on paper or film:  $3.15 per film

The actual cost of postage may be charged.

For a requests made by someone other than the patient or patient’s representative, hospitals
may charge:

An initial fee of $25.00 to compensate for the records search.
$1.75 per page for the first 10 pages,
68 cents per page for pages 11 through 50,
30 cents per page for pages numbering more than 50.

With respect to data resulting from an x-ray, MRI, or CAT scan, recorded on paper or film: $3.15 per film

The actual cost of postage may be charged.

Part 2: Reviewing for Errors

Martha, a new release of information clerk is being trained. She has been given a copy of the ROI procedure to follow, which is (in part) as follows:

Walk-in requests
1. Validate authorization
2. Process the request
3. Enter the request in the ROI database

On Friday morning, at the end of Martha’s first week, a woman stating she was Mrs. Turner walked in requesting records. Joyce, Martha’s trainer, had been called to the HIM director’s
office, so Martha was on her own. She presented Mrs. Turner with an authorization form, and then once it was completed, she printed the records requested. These were lab tests
which included pregnancy results. Martha presented the records to Mrs. Turner, and then proceeded to enter the information into the ROI database as per protocol. When
Joyce returned to the office, she reviewed Martha’s handling of the request. Joyce became concerned about the request because Mrs. Turner was well known to her and her review
of the authorization identified a concern with the signature. When she asked Martha for a description of the woman, her fears were confirmed as it was not Mrs. Turner who had
requested the records.

What changes could be recommended to the ROI procedure to ensure that this type of release error would be less likely to happen in the future?

Case study #5: Bipolar disorder

S: Janet, is a 25-year old, brought to the Psych ED yesterday by the Crisis Team who responded to a “deranged and violent” person destroying property at a local bar. She has been admitted to the psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of Bipolar I Disorder, Manic Episode. She was started on Olanzapine, 15 mg. She remains somewhat irritable and expressing delusions of grandeur – saying, her “home that she shares with her husband is a mansion, soon her husband will be taking her to vacation on the island that they own.

B: Janet was engaged for a year when her boyfriend abruptly announced that he did not want to get married and took a job in Japan. That was three months ago. Her roommate reports that Janet was hysterical at first, then depressed, and finally was accepting the situation and moving on. She changed her hairstyle and bought new clothes. She then began going out several nights a week for what she called “action.” She also started exercising excessively and was sleeping very little, as reported by her roommate.

A: Vital signs are stable, Janet is afebrile. She weighs 109 lbs, and looks very thin for her 5’7’’ height. She slept only 1- hour last night, refused breakfast and was seen doing jumping jacks in her room.

R: A care plan needs to be developed for Janet. Medication teaching, and psychotherapy will probably begin today if Janet is determined to be stable.

#1 nursing diagnosis of “Risk for Injury”

a. Identify the contributing evidence for this diagnosis.

b. Determine a goal or expected outcome for Janet

c. List 3 – 5 appropriate nursing interventions that the you, the nurse will do, to help Janet reach her goal or expected outcome.

d. Create a med card for Lithium and one other “mood stabilizer” medication.

Be prepared to share med cards with clinical instructor and participate in discussion.

#2 Nursing diagnosis: Risk for self- or other - directed violence

a. Identify the contributing evidence for this diagnosis.

b. Determine a goal or expected outcome for Janet

c. List 3 – 5 appropriate nursing interventions that the you, the nurse will do, to help Janet reach her goal or expected outcome.

#3 Nursing diagnosis: Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

a. Identify the contributing evidence for this diagnosis.

b. Determine a goal or expected outcome for Janet

c. List 3 – 5 appropriate nursing interventions that the you, the nurse will do, to help Janet reach her goal or expected outcome.

101.     Select the most correct maternal codes for the following clinical scenario:

Assessment

1. 37 week, 5 day intrauterine pregnancy

2. Non-reassuring fetal heart tones

3. Patient is dilated to 4 and 80% effaced.

Plan

Labor induction via Pitocin drip

Procedures

Vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery of a third-degree midline laceration and right vaginal wall laceration

Repair of third-degree midline laceration

Anesthesia: Local

Blood loss: 300 mL

Complications: None

Findings

1. Live male infant with Apgars of 9 and 9

2. Placenta delivered spontaneously, intact, 3 vessels

Disposition: Patient and baby remain the LDR in stable condition

Summary: This is a 31-year-old G1 woman who was 37 weeks, 5 days pregnant admitted for induction for nonreassuring heart tone. She had no regular contractions. Fetal heart tones were nonreassuring with variable decelerations. She was started on Pitocin for labor induction and labored rapidly with spontaneous rupture of membranes and clear fluid. There was no time for administration of an epidural. During pushing, the decelerations did not recover between contractions. Therefore, vacuum extraction was initiated. The vacuum was placed and the correct placement in front of the posterior fontanelle was confirmed digitally. With the patient’s next contraction, the vacuum was inflated and a gentle downward pressure was used to assist with brining the baby’s head to a +3 station. The contraction ended. The vacuum was released and the fetal heart tones remained in the, at this time, 90s to 100s. With the patient’s next contraction, the vacuum was reapplied and the baby’s head was delivered to a +4 station. A modified Ritgen maneuver was used to stabilize the fetal head. The vacuum was deflated and removed. The baby's head then delivered atraumatically. There was no nuchal cord. The baby’s anterior shoulder delivered after a less than 30-second delay. No additional maneuvers were required to deliver the anterior shoulder. The posterior shoulder and remainder of the body delivered easily. The baby’s mouth and nose were bulb suctioned. The cord was clamped x2 and cut. The infant was handed to the respiratory therapist.

Pitocin was added to the patient's IV fluids. The placenta delivered spontaneously, was intact and had a three-vessel cord. A vaginal inspection revealed a third-degree midline laceration as well as a right vaginal side wall laceration. The right-side wall laceration was repaired with #3-0 Vicryl suture in a running fashion with local anesthesia. The third-degree laceration was also repaired with #3-0 Vicryl sutures. Local anesthesia was used. The capsule was visible but did not appear to be injured at all. It was reinforced with three separate interrupted sutures and then the remainder of the incision was closed with #3-0 Vicryl in the typical fashion.

The patient tolerated the procedure very well. She remains in the LDR with the baby. The baby is vigorous, crying and moving all extremities. He will go to the new born nursery when ready. The total time for repair of the laceration was 25 minutes.

1. O76, O70.20, O62.3, Z37.0, Z3A.37
2. O76, O70.20, Z37.0, Z3A.37
3. O80, O76, O70.20, Z37.0, Z3A.37
4. O76, O70.20, O62.3, Z38.0, Z3A.37

The purpose of this assignment is to investigate solutions to challenges with interoperability in health care delivery environments. To complete the assignment, you will select a problem with interoperability you have witnessed in your current or past work environment, evaluate options for addressing the problem, and recommend a solution based on evidence.

Write a 750-1,000-word paper that addresses the following:

1. Describe the problem with the lack of interoperability witnessed in the health care delivery environment, as well as details about the scope of the problem, including who and what was affected and how.
2. Provide an analysis of the workflow and structure related to the problem to identify its root cause.
3. Recommend a potential solution to the problem and provide evidence from the literature demonstrating its successful implementation in other cases to support your recommendation.

Integrate three to five scholarly sources in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide

Select one qualitative and one quantitative question that you are interested in investigating. Identify the independent and dependent variables. Next, create a hypothesis or set of hypotheses to go along with your research question. Identify your hypothesis as one of each of the four categories below and explain why your hypothesis fits into these categories (hint: review chapter 3).

• Associative or causal
• Simple or complex
• Nondirectional vs. directional
• Null vs. research

Which f the following is true regarding clinical symptoms of infection in the older adult?

a) infection in older adults can quicky progress sepsis

b) an older adult retains the immunity they acquired from childhood vaccines

c) older adults have an increase in immune function

d) a classic sign of infection in the older adult is the presence of fever.

1) The film uses the term, “Politics of information”. What is it and how did it influence Eunice Rivers?

2) How do the “Politics of Information” influence nursing today?

3) What nursing supports are in place today that may have guided Eunice Rivers?

4)What are your thoughts on the actions of Eunice Rivers in regard to the Tuskegee study? Her strengths? Her weaknesses?

By the spring of 1934, a great deal was known about poliomyelitis. The mode of transmission was known to be person-to-person. The two-phase process of the disease was well understood, and mild non-paralytic infections or anterior poliomyelitis as well as paralytic infections were all understood to be major means of contagion. Animals and most insects were eliminated as vectors. It was known that some victims will die in a few days. Some would have crippling paralysis, and others would recover without a sign. The polio virus had been isolated and identified from most parts of the body---most importantly, the CNS; blood; saliva; gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine; mesenteric lymph nodes; and nasopharynx. The damage caused by the polio virus was known to be done in the spinal cord's anterior horn of the grey matter and in the brain tissue.*

When the poliomyelitis epidemic hit Los Angeles, many horror stories from past epidemics had been deeply planted in the minds of medical and nursing professionals. It appears that the medical professionals at the time were well informed about the facts of poliomyelitis, yet most ignored them and, moreover, failed to inform the public. The Contagious Unit of the Los Angeles General Hospital was responsible for most of the activities of the epidemic, and fear of the disease seemed to dominate its efforts, in spite of evidence that much of the sickness that occurred in June of 1934 was not poliomyelitis.*

Physicians and nurses were strained, worried, and terrified of contracting the disease themselves. By June 15, 50 cases a day were being admitted to most hospitals, yet by June 29, only 1 fatal case of poliomyelitis had occurred, producing a sample of the polio virus. A second case produced another sample on July 4.*

When the Poliomyelitis Commission arrived in Los Angeles from Yale University School of Medicine, headed by Dr. Leslie T. Webster of the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Science of new York City, a public meeting was held to review the situation of the epidemic. The meeting digressed to physicians and nurses discussing their risk of getting poliomyelitis and whether they might receive disability pensions if paralyzed by the disease and were disabled in the line of duty.*

New interns in training at the Los Angeles County Hospital were deprived of teaching and proper guidance because the attending physicians were afraid of getting the disease and stayed away, consulting by phone instead of going to the hospital. Doctors who worked at the County Hospital in the communicable disease wards were not welcome on house calls because their patients viewed the hospital as a pet house.*

No one knew how much of the disease that year was really polio. Nearly all adults, especially the nurses and doctors, were afraid of getting paralytic polio. In those who got the serious form of the disease, health care providers observed much pain and weakness, but very few deaths occurred. The number of cases of paralysis was much lower than one would expect. The question was this: Could it be another virus or different strain of the virus? Dr. Webster believed that 90% of the cases were actually not poliomyelitis.*

Researchers had little success in searching for the polio virus in the nasal passages of suspected victims through nasal washings. The disease could not be produced in monkeys or lab animals. Webster believed that the problem was complex and that the infantile part of the infantile paralysis was missing because most cases were in adults. The paralysis face of the disease was also missing, as no paralysis occurred in most cases.*

Oral washings with ropy (an adhesive, stringy-type thread that was soaked in a special solution and swirled around in the throat in order to capture samples of mucous tissue) were done routinely. Ropy washes were able to gather even a few flakes of mucous and the debris in it. The ropy washes used a special solution that helped save samplings of potential polio virus evidence and preserved the evidence for months (101) days for later study. Even after such a long time, the specimen could be spun in a centrifuge and yield the virus; thus, in future outbreaks, disease investigators would not need to take an army of public health workers along to gather specimens.*

Hysteria raged on in the main populace. Not only was the general public afraid of getting the disease, but a major part of the medical and nursing profession was also participating in the fear. Yet officials were not daring enough to tell the public that the disease was not polio. It was disclosed that half of the 1,301 suspected cases were not poliomyelitis. The actual attack rate was estimated to be from 4.4% to 10.7%.*

There was no doubt that Los Angeles was visited by the epidemic of poliomyelitis in the summer of 1934, but it was a mild one. Most of the people who were sick that summer were sick either from another disease (encephalitis, meningitis, or influenza) or from a mild form of a different strain of the poliomyelitis. Patients had atypical symptoms for polio, and the observed symptoms were rheumatoidal or influenzal with striking emotional tones of fear that they might get polio. It was observed by US Public Health Service officer Dr. A. G. Gilliam, of the Los Angeles County Hospital"s personnel, "Irrespective of actual mechanisms of spread and identity of the disease, this outbreak has no parallel in the history of poliomyelitis or any other CNS infections"*

As an unfortunate outcome of this epidemic and its resulting hysteria, patients who exhibited even a slight degree of weakness were immobilized in plaster casts. This was a common practice in the 1930s, and many were subjected unnecessarily to this treatment.

Answer the following three question below

Case Questions to Respond to

2. How serious was the polio epidemic of 1934?. What were the social, psychological, and political implications and their effects on the epidemiology of polio surrounding this case?

• Discuss the ethical principles.
• Provide an example, related to healthcare, for each ethical principle.

Research the affordable healthcare act and summarize it. You should answer the following questions: How do supply and demand affect this policy? What is the role of government in this policy? Identify and explain the issues specifically affecting the market and policy. How does this policy affect the nature of competition? Conversely, how does competition affect policy development? What was the precedent for this policy? Evaluate the effectiveness of this policy.