1. Select the accurate statement that describes the benefit of long-term therapy for Tuberculosis (TB)?
A) It eradicates tubercle bacilli and provides a cure for the infection

B) It decreases drug toxicity and better patient tolerance

C) It decreases the likelihood of active infection in latent TB

2. Your patient is on metformin, glipizide, and pioglitazone for his DM II. His last 3 morning FBG are < 60mg/dl, which medication should be discontinued to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia?

A) Metformin

B) Pioglitazone

C) Glipizide

3. All of the followings accurately describes prochlorperazine (Compazine), EXCEPT:

A) It blocks acetylcholine receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone

B) Can be co-administer with morphine to prevent nausea

C) It is indicated for nausea associated with opioids or anesthesia

4. A patient ℅ tinnitus after starting many new medications. Which of the following is most likely the cause of this ototoxicity effect?

A) Ondansetron (zofran)

B) Metformin

C) Pantoprazole

Gentamycin

How does bacterial pneumonia lead to hypoxemia? (Describe the pathophysiology).

1. A current IV drug use patient develops endocarditis. Which type of pathogens is most likely the cause of this infection?

A) GM+ cocci

B) Candidas

C) GM- bacilli

D) Pseudomonas

2. What is the most common pathogen for pyelonephritis? (An upper UTI infection)

A) E. Coli

B) Nisseria gonorrhea

C) MRSA

D) Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria

3. What is the main benefit for intermitten chemotherapy?

A. It is more cost effective

B. It allows patient to receive chemo treatment at home

C. The successive dosing reduces cancer cell resistance

D. Allow host cells to recover and reduce injury after each dose

4. What are two examples of clinical consequences of AIDS?

A) Decreased adaptive immunity resulting in loss of fever response

B) Virus inhibits bone marrow function resulting in pancytopenia

C) Severe loss of macrophages and natural killer cells as shown by CD4 count < 200

D) Prone to severe, systemic fungal infection that is normally suppressed by healthy immune system

A shipment of a radiopharmaceutical is received by your facility and the survey measurement you take at one meter is 108 mR / hr. How should you label and handle this shipment?

1) Which of the following drugs may cause reddish color urine?

A) Vancomycin

B) Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)

C) Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

D) Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

2) A patient is presented to ED in hyperosmolar hyperglycemia state. His O2 saturation is 90% and BP is 90/55. His K is low. Prioritize the following interventions in the correct order of administration based on patients condition.

1) Insulin 10 units IV
2) Normal Saline IV fluids

3) Oxygen therapy

4) KCL IV replacement dose

A) B,C,A,D

B) C,A,D,B

C) C,B,D,A

3. Which of the following medication absorption maybe affected by antacid administration?

A) Vitamin C

B) Vitamin D

C) Iron supplement

4) Which of the following is NOT regarded as GI defensive factor?

A) Pepsin

B) GI mucosa

C) Bicarbonate

D) Prostaglandin

Read the case study, then answer the questions that follow.

Case study (questions 7-9)

Mrs Hampshire has now been in the facility for 10 weeks. During this time, Mrs Hampshire has gradually improved in her health status. Regular physiotherapy sessions have maintained the muscle tone of the affected side of her body and she has been able use an electric wheelchair, which has increased her level of social interaction and physical mobility.

On admission, communication was noted to be a problem for Mrs Hampshire and was also contributing to her depression and isolation. A communication board was used and Mrs Hampshire also communicated via written words on a notepad, though this was difficult as she was previously left-handed.

Improvement in her speech through regular speech therapy sessions has also meant that Mrs Hampshire is able to communicate her needs more easily.

Mrs Hampshire still requires a special diet. By recording how much Mrs Hampshire is eating and drinking, it is found that she is not taking adequate fluids. After discussion with the supervisor and Mrs Hampshire’s daughter, a plan is made for Mrs Hampshire’s daughter to give her extra fluid after lunch each day. Her daughter also remembers that her mother doesn’t like coffee or tea but prefers chocolate milk. Mrs Hampshire’s fluid is changed to chocolate milk and the fluid intake increases to a healthy level.

What problem-solving activity did the support worker take to assist with fluid intake to improve urinary system functioning? (Approx. 50 words).

Identify the health issues that Mrs Hampshire had and may experience. Explain how each problem affects other systems of the body in supporting healthy functioning. You are required to identify and explain eight health issues (or potential issues) in your answer. (Approx. 160 words).

Case Studies, Chapter 40, Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid--Base Balance

You are a nurse who frequently cares for postsurgical patients in your hospital unit. Most of the medical-surgical patients have IV fluids infusing during their admission. Due to the frequent use of IV fluids on your floor, understanding fluid balance and electrolyte function is primary to your nursing practice. (Learning Objectives 1, 6, and 7)

What conditions might lead to the development of hypovolemia?

How would the amount of patient fluid loss be determined?

Describe how hypovolemia and third-space fluid shift correlate.

Outline the major difference between hypovolemia and third-space fluid shift.

Which conditions can result in third-space fluid shift?

You are a nurse in a nonsurgical cardiac unit caring for a 92-year-old patient who has two sons, 15 grandchildren, and 49 great-grandchildren. She lives in assisted living and has a history of congestive heart failure (CHF). She consistently struggles with balancing her fluids and electrolytes and has an affinity for dill pickles and sauerkraut. While hospitalized, she remains on a fluid restriction---much to her chagrin, as she loves ice cream.

What within her history would indicate she was at risk for hypervolemia?

How would dill pickles and sauerkraut impact her fluid volume?

What body areas offer observational evidence of excessive interstitial extracellular fluid (ECF)?

Why would your patient be on a strict fluid restriction while hospitalized?

Outline nursing interventions used while a patient is on fluid restriction.

Explain about the plans and p[romotion related to hypertension

1. why is selection of mode important during initiation and throughout the course of mechanical ventilation

2. What is the purpose of using modes that control or limit pressure delivery with each breath?

3. Do you feel ventilators that offer advanced modes with artificial intelligence systems are a necessary choice for patients receiving ventilator support?

1. An RN was searching through the electronic medical record at the hospital in which she worked. A co-worker came up and asked what she was doing. The RN replied, “My husband had his blood drawn a couple of days ago, and I wanted to see what his results were”. Is this a HIPAA violation? Explain your answer

2. Dr. Smart called the unit and asked the nurse to look up the patient’s current EKG results. The nurse notices that Dr. Payne is the physician assigned to the patient. Is this a HIPAA violation? Explain your answer.

3. Although the staff have been efficient and frequently attempting to meet the high demands of the patient, the patient has been complaining of the nurses each and every shift. The charge nurse talks to the nurse manager about the situation. Is this a HIPAA violation? Explain your answer.

Describe the initial postoperative management of the nephrectomy patient and discuss collaborative management designed to prevent complications?2. What is the purpose of a bulb-type surgical drain? How does it work? Discuss the expected drainage amount and characteristics in a surgical drain immediately postoperatively.3.What are the nurse’s responsibilities to the family?