In: Nursing
Module 10 Case Studies
Chapter 11
KT, age 42, presents to the emergency department with a complaint of having a “heart attack”. She reports chest pain, apprehension, trembling, shaking, confusion, dizziness, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Her EKG is normal and she is found not to be experiencing a myocardial infarction. After further exploration, it is discovered that KT has a significant number of life stressors and a family history of anxiety. She is diagnosed with panic disorder.
Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder. It causes panic attacks, which are sudden feelings of terror when there is no real damage. Panic attack can happen anytime, anywhere and without warning.
The etiology of panic disorder are :
* Family history of panic attacks or history
* Major life stress such as death or disease of loved ones
* Accidental events
* Sexual assault
* Smoking or excessive caffeine intake
* Any physical abuse
* Chronic medical conditions
* Family issues such as financial problems
How do the expected clinical manifestations match what she is presenting
BOOK PICTURE | PATIENT PICTURE |
Shortness of breadth | Breathing difficulty |
Increased heart rate and palpitations | Altered mental status _confusion |
Choking feeling | Apprehension |
Dizziness | Dizziness |
Lightheadedness | _ |
Nausea | Nausea |
Sweating or chills | _ |
Chest pain or tightness | Chest pain |
Shaking and trembling | Shaking and trembling |
When compare with book picture and patient picture, it resembles the signs of panic attack.
Diagnostic test could be used
* Routine blood tests
* Electrocardiogram to check heart function
* Mental health examination
* History collection
Treatment measures to be anticipated
Treatment focuses on reducing or eliminating the panic symptoms.
* Cognitive behavioural therapy
* Medication _Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
_Anticonvulsant drugs
_Benzodiazepines
_Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
* Counselling the patient