Exaplain why a water hammer is bad and what is it used for?

What are the basic principles of FAA and ICP-OES, and what is the difference between them?

You have just isolated a new strain of Gram negative bacteria that can catabolize the sugar aspartame. Genome comparisons to all other strains don't provide any insight into the identity of this pathway. 1) Describe an experiment to identify the pathway coding for aspartame catabolism 2) Describe an experiment to move this pathway into E. coli 3) Given what we learned in class, describe how this pathway is likely positively regulated and where promoter sequence would be 4) Describe an experiment to phenotypically confirm how this pathway is regulated using a SCREEN involving styrene catabolism 5) Describe an experiment to phenotypically confirm how this pathway is regulated using a SELECTION involving LacZ

Please list relevant strain/plasmid names, or draw/describe your own custom plasmids for these experiments

An orange grove in Florida is exposed to a cold front causing a sudden change in air
temperature from 25C to 0C. How long will it take for the oranges to reach 3C in
the center? Assume that the oranges are spherical with a radius of 4 cm, the thermal
conductivity of the orange is 0.6 W/mC, specific heat of the orange is 4.18 kJ/
kgC, the density of the orange is 1,000 kg/m3, the thermal conductivity of the air is
0.027 W/mC, the density of air is 1.17 kg/m3, the specific heat of air is 1 kJ/kgC,
and the heat transfer coefficient between orange and still air is 0.675 W/m2C.

A gaseous fuel mixture stored at 745 mmHg and 298 K contains only methane(CH4) and propane (C3H8). When 12.6 L of this fuel mixture burns, it produces 761 kJ of heat. The enthalpy of combustion for CH4(g) is ?802.5kJ. The enthalpy of combustion for C3H8(g) is ?2043.9kJ. What is the mole fraction of methane in the mixture?

a) What are the two primary mechanisms of mass transfer (molecular transport)?

b) If ??_?? is positive, is species ?? being consumed or generated by the reaction?

c) Are gas-phase diffusivities smaller or larger than liquid-phase diffusivities, and why?

d) What is a heterogeneous reaction? Describe the difference between a reaction-limited and mass-transfer-limited heterogeneous reaction.

e) If the diffusivity is increased, with all else held constant in a tubular heterogeneous reactor, would the diffusion boundary-layer thickness increase or decrease?

1. the freezing point depression constant of carbon tetrachloride is 30 degrees c/m. the density of carbontetrachloride is 1.584g/cm^3. The normal freezing point of carbon tetrachloride is -23 degrees C.

a. calculate the freezing point of a solution made by mixing 12.28g of solid iodine with 250 ml of carbon tetrachloride. (show all work)

b.calculate the freezing point of a solution made by mixing 12.28g of solid naphthalene (C10H8) with 250 ml of carbon tetrachloride. (show all work)

This question is from the material science class.

Briefly describe

1. Grain refinement

2.Solid-solution formation

3. strain hardening(cold work)

4. Precipitation Strengthening

a) Distinguish between processing of thermoplastics and thermoset polymers to make a final product (the process is not to make the polymer, but to make the final product) and relate this to the microstrucural differences of he polymers.

b)Using the concept of the relation between glass transition temperature and stucture, explain why polyethylene is ductile at room temperature whereas polystyrene is brittle at room temperature.

Please answer both parts

1)A geothermal reservoir in Indonesia has a downhole fluid of water at a temperature of 235°C. The specific enthalpy of the fluid is 2500 kJ/kg, and consists of two phases. What is the quality of the steam?

a) Define the following terms: (i) ferroelectric (ii) piezoelectric

b)Draw perspective and plan views of the unit cell of cubic barium titanate. Label the fractional co-ordinates of the non-equivalent ions and state the co-ordination number of the ions. [6 marks] (ii) Describe, with the aid of appropriate diagrams, the various structural changes which occur as a barium titanate crystal cools from 200°C to -100°C. Specify the temperatures of the relevant phase transitions.

The elementary irreversible gas phase reaction A --> B + C is carried out in a PFR packed with catalyst. Pure A enters the reactor at a volumetric flowrate of 20 dm³ /s at a pressure of 10 atm and 450K.

C_pA=40 J/mol.K H_fA=-70 kJ/mol   (T_R=273 K)

C_pB=25 J/mol.K H_fB=-50 kJ/mol

C_pC=15 J/mol.K H_fC=-40 kJ/mol

k = 0.133 exp ( E/R*[ 1/450 ? 1/T ] ) dm³ kg cat. s with E = 31.4 kJ/mol

a) Plot the conversion and temperature down the plug flow reactor until 80% conversion is achieved.

b) Calculate the amount of catalyst required to achieve 80% conversion.

Explain Step by step how to do the standard design procedure for a heat exchanger and how to critically assess the shortcomings of using a certain method.