A completed protein does not spontaneously fall off the ribosome when the termination codon is reached....

A completed protein does not spontaneously fall off the ribosome when the termination codon is reached. Instead, a release factor recognizes the termination codon in the A-site with one arm of the L-shape, and inserts a universally conserved GGQ (Gly-Gly-Gln) sequence at the tip of the other arm directly into the peptidyl transferase site. The peptidyl transferase center (PTC) positions the peptidyl-tRNA ester bond, while the GGQ sequence

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1. collaborates with a universally conserved ribosomal protein to hydrolyze the ester bond.

2. transforms the peptidyl transferase into an esterase that splits the peptidyl-tRNA ester bond into protein-COOH and tRNA-OH.

3. blocks rapid peptidyl transferase activity, allowing time for water to hydrolyze the ester bond.

4. collaborates with the 3' terminal CCA of tRNA to create a miniature ribonucleoprotein esterase consisting of a trinucleotide sequence and a tripeptide sequence.

Expert Solution

The completed protein does not spontaneously fall off the ribosome when the termination codon is reached. Instead, a release factor recognizes the termination codon in the A site with one arm of the L shape, and inserts an universally conserved GGQ sequence at the tip of the other arm directly into the peptidyl transferase site.The exact function of the release factors(RF) is to initiate and activate the hydrolysis of the polypeptide from the peptidyl tRNA. RFs can be clasified under two heads, RF1 and RF2. They recognize different stop codons. The peptidyl transferase center(PTC) positions the peptidyl tRNA ester bond, while the GGQ(glycine glycine glutamine) sequence collaborates with an universal conserved ribosomal protein to hydrolyze the ester bond. The GGQ motif basically indices a change in the peptidyl transferase centre such that the centre itself catalyse its hydrolysis.

Answer-Option 1.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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