Does AUG occur only at the start of a protein? How can a ribosome “know” which AUGs...

Does AUG occur only at the start of a protein? How can a ribosome “know” which AUGs represent start codons? What is the actual link between the amino acid and the mRNA molecule? (IOW=What are the “translating” tools that translate RNA language into amino acid(protein) language?hint#2=there are 64 of them)

Expert Solution

Yes, AUG is the start codon and it occurs always at the start and it codes for methionine.
Ribosomes will associate itself to the mRNA codon at the start of initiation stage of translation. And it will recognise start codon AUG that also encoded for amino acid methionine.
mRNA molecules are linked to the amino acid as protein are formed by the process of translation. And translation is defined as synthesis of protein from mRNA. Amino acids are building blocks of protein so we can say that amino acids are linked to mRNA.
Also, transfer RNA(tRNA) will form a link between mRNA codon and the corresponding amino acid which the mRNA will encode. tRNA has two ends where one end of tRNA consist of sequence of 3 nucleotides that will bind to the specific codon on mRNA and these sequence is called as anticodon. And another end of tRNA specifically carry the amino acid that is encoded by the mRNA codon.
The tools which are involved in translation are -
Ribosome is the molecule which is used to translate the mRNA into the protein having the sequence of amino acid which is very specific.
tRNA is the molecule which will bring the specific amino acid to the site of ribosome that is encoded by the codon on mRNA

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gladiator answered 1 year ago

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Does AUG occur only at the start of a protein? How can a ribosome “know” which AUGs...

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