Explain, with examples, how the values held by a society could influence the establishment of goals and objectives for the design of a new civil engineering system or the operations of an existing system being planned in that society.

What is the difference between pearlite and ferrite? Which one is an alloy and which is a mixture; briefly explain.

1) Based on your understanding of the topic of water pricing and demand: 1. Briefly, discuss why water should have a price. 2. What is the relationship between price and demand? 3. You have different water demands as follow (industrial, agricultural, drinking, washing clothes, cooking, car wash). Discuss the elasticity of demand and order these demands based on the concept of elasticity and rigidity. 4. Discuss how the population growth affects the water demand.

2) You are requested by a consultancy office to participate in preparing a water demand management plan for a city with a total population of 750,000. Discuss in details the main points that you will take it in your consideration as well as the main components of this plan.

Higher college of technology want to determine the area of technical college campus. As a civil engineer which type of surveying you adopt and why?

Q2) A trapezoidal wadi 3 m wide and 2:1 side slope is to cross a road at station 1+120. The drainage area is 50-hectare consisting of bare earth with steep slopes. A concrete box culvert is considered to drain the wadi assuming 15 minutes concentration-time and a 20-years return period.
Determine the minimum width of the culvert to the nearest 10 cm assuming one meter maximum culvert depth, two meter allowable headwater depth, 1% culvert slope (same as the Wadi slope at the area), 25 m culvert length and squared culvert edges with headwall parallel to the embankment

An engineer is required to survey a nonrectangular plot of land but is unable to measure side UT directly due to a water obstruction. The following data are taken: RU = 130 m, RS = 120 m, ST = 91 m, angle RST = 115º, and angle RUT = 100º. Calculate the length of side UT and the area of the plot.  

Q1. Explain the process of strengthening two isolated footings to work as a combined footing and draw schematics showing the steps involved

Q2. What are the steps of repairing concrete columns by the method of column jacketing (Explain two methods). Draw schematics to support your answer

Q3. What are the Mitigation and Remedial Measures against Plastic Shrinkage Cracking?

Q4. What are the Causes of Concrete Structures Defects. Explain them

1) What are the Special requirements, such as snow and ice control, dust control, landslides, ground improvement when doing a NEW road project connecting any two locations situated in Australia. Please explain much as possible

6. In MS-22, read pages “4-32 to page 4-61. Write 5 sentences comparing and contrasting drum plants and batch plants. What are the main differences and what are the advantages of each type of plant?

7. In MS-22, read pages 4-20 to 4-24 on asphalt plant emissions systems. What are the two types of Primary and Secondary collectors? What happens to the collected particulate matter collected in these systems?

8. In MS-22 read pages 4-28 to 4-32. If the aggregate dryer in the mix plant is not operating correctly, list two possible deficiencies that may be encountered with the mix?

Answer by stating either “True” or “False” in the space below and provide the correct statement/answer if “False”.

11)F.L. in levelling means; Formation level.

12)C.P. written in remarks column on a survey field note means; Change Point.

13)In scaling, the scale 1:200 cm mean, that for each 1 cm on plan equals 2 metres in real time.

14)Hight of collimation method to calculate reduce levels is used often to cover larger areas.

15)When volume is calculated, bulking of 30% is added to the total calculation if sand was the type of soil.

1. List and define the three basic goals of a design team for the design of any building.

2. Provide an example of each of the following types of construction. Bearing wall

   a. Beam-and-column b. Long-span
   c. High-rise
   d. Gable-frame

3. List and describe two types of lateral load resisting systems commonly used in beam-andcolumn construction.

4. Provide a simple definition of structural design.

5. Give a description of both the LRFD and ASD design approaches. What is the fundamental

   difference between the methods?

6. Identify three sources of variation in the strength of a structure and its components.

7. Provide two examples of serviceability limit states.