Question

1. Discuss potential negative effects of Municipal Solid Waste.

2. Discuss the importance of managing the quantity of Municipal Solid Waste generated.

3. Discuss the best method of Municipal Solid Waste quantity estimation and supply an appropriate relationship with explanation of variables.

4. In the landfill classification system, a landfill is classified in terms of three characteristics, all of which influence the risk it poses to the environment. Describe these characteristics.

5. Leachate is a widely used term in the environmental sciences where it has the specific meaning of a liquid that has dissolved or entrained environmentally harmful substances that may then enter the environment. It is most commonly used in the context of landfilling of putrescible or industrial waste. Under which conditions will it not be necessary to install al landfill leachate system?

6. Solid waste generation and characterisation are some of the most important parameters which affect environmental sustainability. Municipal solid waste characterization depends on social structure and income levels. Discuss the purposes of Solid Waste Characterization.

7. The greater the density of the waste in a landfill, the more tons of waste can be disposed in the landfill. The density of waste in a landfill can be increased in a variety of ways. Discuss three methods.

8. The local municipality consulted you to advice on a recycling programme to be introduced. How will you address the implementation of such a programme?

Answer 1

1) Potential negative effects of municipal solid waste -

=> The solid organic waste contains harmful bacteria called pathogens , exposure to which could be a source of various disease like typhoid etc .

=> The solid waste when it is dumped on a land and after long days if it gets contact with water , then a carceogenic compound produces called as leachate and it could be fatal for living community.

=> There could be chances of water contamination.

=> Municipal waste could hazardous gases that could be fatal for health .

2)

the importance of managing the quantity of Municipal Solid Waste generated.-

=> To prevent the diseasea that are generated due to municipal waste like - typhoid .

=> To prevent the excessive accumulation of the solid waste at the vicinity of surroundings of a living community people .

=> To prevent the odor that is generated from the municipal solid waste .

3)

The best method for estimation of the waste quantity is by installing permanent scales at the disposal facilities and weigh every of the trucks on the way in and again in the way out. At the disposal facilities without using permanent scales, portable scales could be used to develop a comparitevely better estimate of the weight of waste being deliverd. Selected trucks are weighed and environmental engineers use the results to estimate the overall weight of the waste stream.

4) The three categories in land classification system are-

1. Municipal Solid Waste Landfills

A municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) c an be defined as discrete area of land or excavation that receives household waste. A MSWLF could also receive other types of nonhazardous wastes, such as commercial solid waste, nonhazardous sludge.

2) Industrial waste Landfill.

An industrial waste landfill could be defined as landfill excluding municipal solid waste landfill, a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Subtitle C hazardous waste landfill, or a Toxic Substances Control Act hazardous waste landfill. It is used to dispose of industrial solid waste, such as RCRA Subtitle D wastes .

3)Hazardous waste Landfill

hazardous waste landfills are the most closely regulated and structured landfills. They are generally designed to hold hazardous wastes in a way that somehow eliminates the chance of it being released into the environment.

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