MOS Capacitor. If i have a MOS capactitor with: tox=0,1 µm, T=300 K, N_D= 10¹⁵cm^-3 . Supposing ideal contact, and null flat band potential V_FB=0 V. How do I find the substratum electric potential (φ_n)?

How do I obtain the depletion region width in micrometers when the surface potential of the interface between Silicon and Oxide φ(x=0) =φ_S its equal to reverse substrate potential (φ_S= - φ_n)? Is there an electric field E_s under the same condition of (φ_S= - φ_n) ?

Can V_GB=V_T in (φ_S= - φ_n)?

Design and draw a Flyback converter to supply 12V, 5V, and 3.3V from a 120 Vdc supply. 20W is output power, and switching freq. is 100,000 Hz. The inductor current ripple can be plus or minus 10%, and the output voltage ripple can be plus or minus 1%. Find C and L values. Draw input and output current waveforms (12V output only).

Should simulate at Tinkercad with UNO images.

For this project you are encouraged to come up with your own design.

Example project:

Implement a musical instrument using an Arduino, Push buttons/ keypad, LEDs, Piezo Speaker(s), potentiometer and other components if required.

The instrument should take user input from either pushbuttons or a keypad, and be able to play various tones on the speaker(s) accordingly. The tones should have some coherent musical/melodic progression (i.e. note frequency, delay, etc.) Add LEDs to light up in sync with the notes being played. Using a neopixel ring/strip instead of LEDs will also suffice.

BONUS (10 points) Use potentiometer(s) to control volume of the sounds.

BONUS (20 points) Use potentiometer(s) to control delay, pitch, reverb and echo effects

BONUS (40 points) Implement a system where a user can record a melody or tune on the instrument, and play it back if required (keypad or pushbutton)

Define the following:

a) What is a circuit breaker and where is it used in a building electrical system?

b) What is a fuse and where is it used in a building electrical system?

c) What are types of conductor (wire) materials and where are they used in building electrical systems?

What is the transient stability of the electric drive? full details

3.- Design a variable voltage source from 1.25 to 20V with the LM317 voltage regulator. This source will be powered by 127Vac @ 60HZ from CFE. Determine the following:
a) complete schematic circuit.
b) Diodes that support VPI and load current.
c) required transformer (turns ratio), not to exceed the regulator's maximum input voltage. (See data sheet.
d) Filter C. Uses an RF of 1%
e) LM 317 regulator circuit. Consider the following: calculate the adjustment resistances, and that, when bringing the variable resistance to its maximum value, deliver exactly the requested 20v, and the minimum 1.25v.

Perform your simulation in multisim or some other program to verify the verified data.

In MPLAB write and compile (using the simulator) an assembly language program with the following functionality:

Configures pin RA2 of the PIC24to be an output to control an attached LED.

Configures pin RB13 of the PIC24 to be an input to read the value on an attached switch (this switch will connect to ground when pressed).

Configures pin RB13 to use the internal pull-up resistor.

After configuration, the LED will be "off" when the push-button is pressed, and "on" when it is released.

Remember, since this is an assembly language program you cannot use the C-language macros. Also, that in an assembly language program the name of a register is a reference to its memory location.

Find the modified z-transform of the following functions: (a) E(s) = 6/ (s + 1)(s + 2)(s + 3)

A communication network has a bandwidth of 10 kHz. Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio in dB if the capacity of the channel for a 100Kbps [2 Marks]
ii. A communications channel with a bandwidth of 4kHz has a signal power to noise ratio of 7. Determine the Channel Capacity. [2 Marks]
ii. The bandwidth in b above is reduced by 25%. How much should the signal power be increased to maintain the same channel capacity?

TASK:

Each of the following generators is going to supply a load of 10kw at a power factor of 0.8 (If AC, if DC 1) for 24hrs, each of them will run at 3000rpm. Both diesel and petrol have energy values of 45MJ/kg but the efficiency of petrol engines is 25% whilst the efficiency of diesel engines is 45%. Calculate the fuel burn rate in kg/hour and the efficiency of each. Use the burn rate to calculate the cost of fuel and add that to the daily hire rate to get a total cost of the generator for 24hrs and hence say which would be the most suited to the job.

l. what is the difference between a real independent voltage source and an ideal independent voltage source? Give an example of a real voltage source and explain how it differs from the ideal.

2. What does it mean when we say that a circuit containing multiple sources is invalid?Give an example of such a circuit and explain why it is invalid.

3. What is resistance? What is a node? What is a closed loop?

4. Write the equations for Ohm's law and for Kirchoff s two laws.

5. Explain how one can distinguish between two circuit elements which are connected inseries verses two circuit elements which are connected in parallel.

6.  If the two headlights of a car each dissipate 55W and each of them are connected to the two terminals of a 12V bafiery, draw an electric circtrit diagram which can model this headlight circuit and find the resistance of each headlight when it is turned on. Find the total current coming from the battery. If the battery is rated at 65 A-hr, how long will the headlights continue to burn before the battery is dead? Show all calculations.