Describe how O2 and CO2 are transported in the blood and the effect of exercise on transport of each. Include in your discussion pH and temperature.

What is homeostasis ? Draw a simple labelled diagram and briefly explain what are the components required in a generic homeostatic system?
N.B. You may draw this diagram by hand or draw directly on the computer. Please do not copy-paste images from the web or textbooks. A rough sketch is satisfactory; does not necessarily need to be coloured or of printable quality.

In detail explain the response of the cardiovascular system to exercise. (expecting an advance level answer)

thanks in advance.

Jerry is participating in a resistance training program. While he is warming up for his barbell chest press (standard bench press) exercise he starts to think about how he is able to raise the weight, 135lbs, from his chest to full arm extension and back to his chest (1 repetition). Further, he wonders what is different when he is lifting a heavier weight like 185lbs. In your own words, please answer Jerry’s curiosities from a physiologic perspective. Be as detailed as possible.

What are the neural basis and the components of patellar reflex?

You are caring for a patient who has a visual disturbance. You have already tested their CNII.

Can you explain to this patient the pathway that electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum takes through the eye to get to the sensory receptors?

1) Cardiac output increases during exercise due to an increase in both heart rate and stroke volume. Which of the following contribute to this increase in stroke volume? (Select all that apply).

a) Constriction of veins by the sympathetic nervous system

b) The increase in heart rate directly increases filling time

c) Increased stretching of the cardiac myocytes due to increased EDV

d) Increased sympathetic stimulation of the ventricles

e) Withdrawn (decreased) parasympathetic stimulation of the ventricles

- - -

2) Which parameter is primarily responsible for the differences in MAP observed between dynamic and static exercise?

Patient aged 45, complaines on pain in the gums, increasing their bleeding, the emergence mobility of individual Reported symptoms appeared 3-4 days ago. An objective examination revealed a clear brightly flushed, acutely swollen gums, painful at palpation. The roots of exposed, periodontal pocket depth of 4-6 mm with purulent exudate and sub- and teeth, bad breath. teeth overgingival calculus diagnosed. 17.16, 25 26, 27, 36, 32, 31, 41, 42 teeth are mobile of II-III stage. Panoramic x-rays - diffusive osteoporosis, interdental partitions to ½ of their height. Write the correct diagnosis and antimicrobial , anti-inflammatory  therapy.

Discuss how calcium homeostasis is maintained in the blood, especially the mechanism of positive regulation of calcium levels. What are the two hormones you learned in the class that control the levels of calcium? What classes of hormones are they? List all organs that participate in the processes and their roles. Do you think the administration of calcitonin would help improve the condition of osteoporosis? Briefly defend your argument.

Discuss the processes of hemostasis and fibrinolysis, but do not list all the coagulation factors (e.g., factors VII, VIII, etc) – I only look for essential ones that initiate the three different coagulation pathways and the final activation mechanism of fibrin formation. Which ion and vitamin play essential roles in hemostasis? Which hematopoietic cell is responsible for the production of platelets? Warfarin is an example of anticoagulants that are clinically used. What are other examples of anticoagulants you learned in the class? Which factor acts as a thrombolytic agent that helps dissolve thrombi or emboli in stroke or heart attack patients?

Coronavirus has the enzyme __________

(A. Reverse Transcriptase, B. Replicase, C.DNA polymerase, D. RNA polymerase),

which is a ______________

(A. RNA Dependent DNA Polymerase, B. DNA Dependent DNA Polymerase, C. DNA Dependent RNA Polymerase, RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase.

This allows it to make new copies of its genetic material.

So, please explain what monomers and polymers are, and give examples of these for carbohydrates, nucleic acids and proteins. Do lipids have true monomers?

The _______________________ is the area of the brain that combines taste and smell information.

endopiriform cortex

primary somatosensory cortex

prefrontal cortex

orbital frontal cortex