Explain “Excitation-Contraction Coupling” by describing the chain of events that occurs from the Action Potential approaching the terminal end of the motor neuron through the production of a concentric contraction in the skeletal muscle

Explain Homeostasis as it applies to the Nervous System and how it acts to protects us and keeps us safe especially the Reflex Arc.

what are the agonists, synergists and anatognist of a push up during eccentric and concentric phase of a push up?

concentric phase of a push up:

eccentric phase of a push up:

1. Jane was riding her horse on a warm sunny day (101 degrees Fahrenheit) when suddenly her horse stopped and reared up in the air. Jane was not prepared for this and fell hard backwards into the ground. As she hit the ground Jane's leg was gashed open by a large, sharp boulder that she fell next to. Jane began to bleed severely. Jane's pulse seems to be low and her respiratory rate is at 25 bpm. Jane's body spends the next couple hours physiologically compensating for her blood loss. Based on your knowledge of the cardiovascular system complete the following: Make a graph of Jane's cardiac output/venous return (y-axis) vs (as a function of) her central venous pressure. Provide two points on the curve that represent (A) before she fell off the horse and (B) after she fell and suffered significant bleeding. Make sure the pressures and L/min are labeled correctly one each axis. Then list any compensatory mechanisms the body is using to return the cardiac output to normal while bleeding.
2. Sarah was recently diagnosed with an obstructive lung disorder. In their diagnostic process the doctors completed a Forced Vital Capacity test on Sarah to determine her lung function. Based on this, (A) diagram a Vital Capacity test with lung volumes for a healthy individual and on the same graph include the VC test with lung volumes for Sarah's diagnosis. The doctors also found that Sarah's oxygen saturation was at 87%. Therefore, (B) diagram an oxygen saturation curve graph that shows a normal oxygen saturation curve and a curve representing Sarah's condition.

All of the following is true regarding the cell (plasma) membrane Except:

a) It has amphipathic transmembrane protein

b) It contains glycolipids and glycoproteins

c) it has large pores to accommodate RNA movement in and out of the cell

d) the proteins can float in the membrane

e) cholesterol is in the membrane to increase the membrane’s fluidity

2) If you want to form protein from individual amino acids, you would

a) dephosphorylate the amino acids

b) use a negative feedback loop

c) add water between the adjacent amino acids

d) phosphorylate the amino acids

e) remove water from between adjacent amino acids

Describe the steps of excitation-contraction coupling and the role of calcium in this process.

Describe how the motor unit causes neurotransmitter release from the synaptic bulb at the neuromuscular junction.

Which of the following can generate IPSPs?

a) GABA (Gamma aminobutyric acid)

b) epinephrine

c) norepinephrine

d) dopamine

e) TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)

All of the following are true neurotransmitters in the class of catecholamines Except:

a) they can increase heart rate

b) they create EPSPs

c) they may be degraded by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)

d) they may bind to dopanergic receptors

e) they decrease the perception of pain

A cell that has a diploid number of 6 chromosomes has 3 chromosomes lined up in the center of the cell, each chromosome containing two joined sister chromatids. What phase of the cell cycle is this cell in?

a.Metaphase I of meiosis

b.Metaphase II of meiosis

c.Metaphase of mitosis

d.Telophase I of meiosis

Explain the answer please..

Predict what will happen to the following lung volumes and capacities during strenuous exercise. Assume that you are comparing from a baseline of normal resting respiration.

WITH EXPLANATION PLEASE

Topic: Neuroscience

1. (a) How do neurons communicate with each other? What is this process called? Explain in detail how information from one neuron gets passed on to another and do not leave out any stages in this process.

Key words you must use in your explanation: synapse, post and pre-synaptic neuron and their structures, vesicles, neurotransmitters, receptors, excitatory and inhibitory.

(b) In the beginning of our lecture on neuroscience, we discussed a quote from Hippocrates that summarizes the neurosciences perspective on the human mind. Please explain the main message or “essence” of this quote. Is Hippocrates a monist or a dualist?

Essay: Susie was hospitalized because she cut herself in an accident. Susie cut her nerve that supplies a muscle in her arm. Please explain to Susie because she is having a difficult time understanding why her muscle doesn’t work if she cut her nerve. You can do so by writing an essay on skeletal muscle excitation and contraction. You should be very detail and descriptive when explaining. Your essay should include and not be limited to the following events:

- describe excitation of the muscle fiber and the events at the neuromuscular junction starting with the release of the neurotransmitter to all the possible things that can occur to or from it

- generation of an action potential

- propagation along the sarcolemma

- the events that lead to the release of “certain” ions

- the events that take place inside the cell which lead to excitation contraction coupling and cross-bridge cycling in detail.