In cells especially those in the liver, glucose molecules are bonded together to form glycogen. Why?

A young male entered the ER with his left digit 5 completely cut off right through the middle of middle phalanx. The tendon of what muscle was severed?

a. extensor pollicis longus

b. flexor digitorum superficialis

c. flexor digitorum profundus

d. extensor digitorum

e. All of the above except A

The chemical process called _____ produces ___ ATP and supplies energy for muscle contraction for _____.

a. Creatine phosphate, 4, 15 seconds

b. Kreb's cycle (aerobic respiration), 36, hours

c. Glycolysis, 2, 30-60 seconds

d. Creatine phosphate, 1, 15 seconds

e. All of the above except A

For each item, select "Absorptive" or "Post-absorptive" depending on which state is correct.

Different types of the nervous system are involved in neural regulation, including somatic motor, somatic sensory, automatic sympathetic, and autonomic parasympathetic nervous system. Describe one organ that uses at least two of the aforementioned nervous systems to regulate its functions.

Name the organ (1pt)

Name the functions to be regulated (2pt)

Name at least two of the nervous systems involved (1pt)

Describe how each of the nervous systems regulates the organ's function (3pts)

How would the body normally compensate for this change in MAP such as a decrease? targets, steps pathways end response?

Negative and positive feedback mechanisms used to maintain homeostasis. Describe one negative and one positive feedback regulation (8pts).

For each negative and positive feedback:

What is the variable? (0.5pt)

What is the normal range? (0.5 pt)

Which conditions may change the variable? (0.5 pt)

How the changes to be detected? (1 pt)

What is/are the responses(s)? (1pt)

What is the final effect? (0.5 pt)

Define the relationship between the ECG and the pulse wave. Explain why the timing of the QRS complex in the ECG and the start of the pulse wave do not coincide.

1. Why are blood cells and proteins not a normal constituent of urine?

2. What happens if the TM for glucose is exceeded in the PCT?

3. Where in the urinary tract (not kidneys) would the following shed cells have originated?

Squamous (more common):

Transitional:

4. The specific gravity of pure water is 1.000. Urine Specific Gravities range from 1.001-1.035. With regards to the solute, how does urine with a specific gravity of 1.006 differ from urine with a specific gravity of 1.024?

5. Casts are formed in the collecting duct and can be acellular or cellular. When filtrate flow is low, proteins and cells accumulated and concentrated in the tubules. When the flow increases the casts are pushed out of the tubules.

Decreased urine pH contributes to the formation of casts. Explain why a decreased filtrate pH promotes cast formation.

Explain in detail why exercising at 96oF and 8000 ft. is more hazardous for elderly individuals

In regards to muscular fitness, we typically see individuals be on a range from muscular strength to endurance. What is the term for this range?

A. Series Elasticity Component (SEC)

B. Biomechanical Strength Continuum

C. Muscular output range

D.Muscular Fitness Continuum

Where are sperm stored previous to ejaculation? Why must sperm spend up to 2 weeks in the epididymis? What is the process of sperm development called?

Where does fertilization usually occur in the female? Where does implantation occur?