Question

Identify assessment tools that are used in practice related to depression.

Answer 1

Assessment tools related to depression should be psychometrically sound, user-friendly provide clinically useful information, which is reliable, valid, and consistent for a variety of patients in different clinical setting.

During Screening test, a two-part questionnaire have been shown to be highly reliable in identifying depression. Doctor may use other depression screening for measuring the presence and severity of depression. Questionnaires and screening tools (rating scales) help in making a diagnosis, but r are not a substitute for a clinical diagnosis made from a thorough interview.

Assessment rools include:

Assessment tool	Population	Method of Adm.	Details	Response
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)	All population Esp. effective in geriartric patients	self administered	A 9-item screening tool. It quantifies the severity of depression	4 points likert scale
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)	Patients who are previously diagnosed with depression	self administered	A 21-question multiple-choice self-report that measures the severity of depression based on symptoms and feelings. It focuses on negative attitudes of patient	0-3 ranks
Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D	Adults	self - 4 points	A tool that allows patients to evaluate their feelings, behavior, and outlook from the previous week. It measures frequency of depressive symptoms. Four factors- positive mood, negative effect, somatic and interpersonal	4 point likert scale
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), also known as the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)	All population	Professional administered interview	A multiple choice questionnaire that doctors may use to rate the severity of a patient's depression	0-2 or 0-4 ranked
Geriatric depression scale	Geriatric	self administered	It measures Positve and negative affect domains of depression	Yes/No
Hospital anxiety and Depression Scale	Adults	self administered	It rates severity of depression