Question

please give me every single question answers in your own words with reference.

1. Uterus retains products of conception for 2 or more months after fetal death
2. The inability to achieve pregnancy after at least one year of regular intercourse without the use of contraception.
3. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels and low platelet count
4. Mass of dilated and twisted varicose veins in spermatic cord
5. Spontaneous loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies
6. Inability of male to achieve or maintain sufficient penile erection to complete intercourse.
7. Benign muscle tissue tumours of the uterus
8. Abnormal twisting of spermatic cord caused by rotation of a testis or the mesorchium
9. Vaginal bleeding during the first half of pregnancy
10. Non-neoplastic fluid-filled sacs on the ovary
11. Serious, rapidly developing carcinoma; neoplastic trophoblast cells proliferate and metastasize
12. General term used to refer to any infection of the oviducts and ovaries
13. Age-related changes in hormone activity in males causes enlargement of the prostate gland
14. The nonconclusive form of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
15. Non-malignant neoplasm that forms on the chorion; there may be grapelike vesicles in the vagina.

Answer 1

1)Uterus retains products of conception for 2 or more months after fetal death is called as Retained products of conception (RPOC) . This problem arises after miscarriage or planned medical termination of pregnancy. This can be treated with dilatation and curettage (D& C) is executed.

2)The inability to achieve pregnancy after at least one year of regular intercourse without the use of contraception is called as infertility.

It could arise due to problems in egg or sperm formation , age or chemical exposure. This can be treated according to the etiology.

3)Hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels and low platelet count are the signs of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. It is also called as HELLP SYNDROME. It usually develops in last trimester of pregnancy. The symptoms could be fatigue , dullness, nausea , vomiting and headache.

4)Mass of dilated and twisted varicose veins in spermatic cord is called as varicocele. It occurs due to poorly functioning valves in the veins of spermatic cord.

5)Spontaneous loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies is called as Recurrent pregnancy loss /Recurrent miscarriage(RPL) .  The ultrasound is done to check for the cause of the problem and is treated accordingly.

6)Inability of male to achieve or maintain sufficient penile erection to complete intercourse is called as erectile dysfunction. The cause could be cigarette smoking , stress , cardiovascular Disease etc. The treatment involves treating the cause eg. Quitting smoking.

7)Benign muscle tissue tumours of the uterus is called as Leiomyoma. It could lead to menorrhagia , anemia and fertility.

8)Abnormal twisting of spermatic cord caused by rotation of a testis or the mesorchium is called as testicular torsion. Due to testicular torsion the blood supply to Testis is cutt-off. The sudden and severe testicular pain is noticed which may accompany vomiting.

9)Vaginal bleeding during the first half of pregnancy is called as first trimester bleeding. It may occur due to implantation or it could be the sjgn of miscarriage. The main cause can be evaluated by USG . Then accordingly treatment is given.

10)Non-neoplastic fluid-filled sacs on the ovary is called as ovarian cyst . These are benign in nature and could lead to nausea , vomiting and pressure symptoms.

11)Serious, rapidly developing carcinoma is called as benign carcinoma.

12)neoplastic trophoblast cells proliferate and metastasize is called as gestational trophoblastic disease. The growths seen in such type of Diseases are hyditiform mole and chriocarcinoma etc.

13)General term used to refer to any infection of the oviducts and ovaries is pelvic inflammatory Diseases (PID) . It includes the diseases of upper reproductive tract in female.

14)Age related changes in hormone activity in males causes enlargement of the prostate gland is called as Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). This causes difficulty in urination and mostly occurs after 50 years of age in male.

15)The nonconclusive form of pregnancy-induced hypertension is called as pregnancy induced Hypertension. It doesn't encounter proteinuria unlike pre-eclampsia.

16)Non-malignant neoplasm that forms on the chorion; there may be grapelike vesicles in the v*gina is called as hyditiform mole. This comes under gestational trophoblastic Disease.