Question

please give me every single question answers in your own words with reference.

1. What is a cataract? How is it treated?
2. Differentiate between narrow angle and wide angle glaucoma. How is each treated?
3. What is macular degeneration? Identify the types and their treatment (some may still be at the clinical trial level).

4. What are the signs and symptoms associated with retinal detachment? How is retinal detachment treated?

5. What are conductive hearing loss and sensorineural hearing loss?

6. What does a cochlear implant do? (How does it work?)

7. What is Meniere’s disease? What are its signs and symptoms? How is it treated?

Answer 1

1)Cataract is a condition in which clear eye is covered with clouded lens.

It can be treated by replacing the cloudy lens with artificial lens called as intraocular lens. This clear artificial lens are replaced by cloudy lens using surgery.

2)Narrow angle glaucoma- It is a condition where the fluid behind the iris suddenly increases. This increase in fluid causes intraocular pressure.

Treatment include eye drops,oral medication, laser Iridotomy.

Wide angle glaucoma- In this condition the eye drainage canals become clogged which causes pressure in internal eye and this leads to optic nerve damage.

Treatment include eye drops, laser trabeculoplasty and surgery.

3)Macular degeneration is a condition which causes vision loss. it causes loss of vision in central field.

There is dry and wet macular degeneration.

Dry macular degeneration is a condition which center of the retina is deteriorates.

Treatment include anti angiogenic drugs,laser therapy,VEGFR inhibitor, vitamins.

Wet macular degeneration is a condition​ in which the blood vessels under the retina grows leaky.

Treatment include photodynamic therapy,low vision rehabilitation, photocoagulation,medication such as eylea,lucentis etc.

4)Renal detachment is a condition in which the retina pulls away from its normal position in eye.

Symptoms- Blurred vision,flashes of light, sudden appearance of many floaters,side vision is gradually decreased.

Treatment include renal surgery, cryopexy,drying and replacing eye fluid.