Question

Explain with suitable diagram how n-type semiconductor can be obtained from intrinsic silicon

Answer 1

Let's see it from ATOMIC LEVEL and then make an N-TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR.....Energy level for atoms depends on the shell and orbit they locate inside an atom.When they were supplied energy such as heat or electrical, they excite to higher levels, Which is called flow of charges OR simply CURRENT FLOW.....Semiconductors usually dont conduct unless supplied with some energy to excite the atom's electron energy levels and thus free electron comes out will flow..........FOR EXAMPLE, Take silicon strip and try passing some current and thus lighting a bulb, initially it wont . Now heat that strip and after some considerable time current starts flowing and light LED glows.........reason behind this is that heat energy supplied will be used by atom to excite it's electrons to high states and thus come out of atom giving ffree electron to conduct.TThe process of adding an impurity atom is called doping......this involves various methods such as ION-IMPLANTATION and DIFFUSION among so many other processes.This is the process behind the N-TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR from INTRINSIC SILICON