Question

1. Transcribe and translate the gene below.

TAC GGG TTT CGC GCG AAA ATA ACT

2. Contrast respiration and fermentation in terms of the need for oxygen, the number of ATP produced, and the requirement for an Electron Transport Chain.

3. If 5 molecules of FADH delivered their hydrogen to the Electron Transport Chain in a fully oxygenated eukaryotic cell, how many ATP would result? _____ (2, 5, 10, 24, 36)

4. If an anticodon is AGU, the original nucleotide triplet in the DNA would be: a. TCA. b. UCA. c. AGT. d. CGC.

5. If RNA polymerase mistakenly inserted a C as the complement to T, what would result? a. A bulge. b. A divot. c. A break. d. A Frame Shift Mutation.

Answer 1

1. If that is the DNA coding sequence given as TAC GGG TTT CGC GCG AAA ATA ACT

Primary transcript will be complementary to the template strand as:

AUG CCC AAA GCG CGC UUU UAU UGA

Amino acid sequence would be as follows as per the universal genetic code.

Methionine - Proline - Lysine - Alanine - Arginine - Phenylalanine - Tyrosine

First AUG is start codon that initiates the translation.

Last UGA is stop codon; that teminates the translation.

2. Respiration is more efficient as compared to Fermentation. Comparison is shown in diagram.

Electron Transport Chain is the portion of aerobic respiration. It uses free oxygen as final electron acceptor . The end product is water and ATP.

3. 10 ATP ; when 5 FADH are used, 1 counts for 2 ATP. Thus for 5 FADH, 10 ATP produced.

4. If anticodon is AGU, then original triplet codon will be UCA.

5. This is point mutation where a single base is changed. Consequences may result from benign to huge ( frameshift mutation).