Question

1/ examples of limitations in logic and observation in psychology ?

2/In Psychophysics of Human Perception: How physics & psychophysics differ? take example?

3/ How the failure of introspection, in part, lead to the rise of behaviorism.

4/ In Cognitivism: find example of Mind/computer metaphor

Answer 1

Observation is the basis of behavioral psychology. Observing behaviours can tell a lot about the person, they say. What they fail to see is that the observable behaviour is a result of many many factors including environment, weather of the day, person's experiences or it could just be a response to a stimulus. For example, observing a person madly yelling over phone, may not be conclusive of his being an angry person. He would have received multiple annoying calls that day and it is just a reaction of it. Otherwise, the person may be very kind in nature. Just a visual observation of a scene can only tell what's happening but cannot make any significant discovery about the psychology of a person. The observation can only be used as an aid coupled with many other things to arrive at a conclusive result.

Logic is reasoning for a situation/action or a plan. The reasoning is limited to the experience of the person and can be skewed by one's perception. Simple task which proves this is group discussion or brainstorming. What seems logical for a person out of his experience may not necessary be the same for other. The other person may bring up a better version just due to more experience. So, what's logic for one person may not be universally logically sound.