16. Write the balanced molecular equation, the ionic equation and the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when solutions of CuSO₄ and NH₄OH are mixed.

Molecular equation: (4 points)

Ionic equation: (4 points)

Net ionic equation: (3 points)

Chapter 10: Clinical Laboratory Procedures Case Study

A request for “ova and parasites” was received in the laboratory in the late afternoon. The specimen consisted of one polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) vial and one 10% formalin vial. The specimen label included the patient’s name, the doctor’s name, and the date collected. There was a note attached requesting “special attention for amoeba.” The technologist noted that the specimen vials contained material that was yellowish, opaque, and appeared chalky looking.

1. The medical laboratory scientist (MLS) checked the patient’s history and found that he had been scheduled for a lower G.I. tract x-ray series that morning. What conclusion would be drawn from this information and what action should be taken?
   1. Process the specimen as usual.

2. Reject the specimen; barium is present in the specimen.

3. Reject the specimen; identification information is incomplete.

4. Reject the specimen for reasons B and C.

2. What effect does barium have on the specimen?

1. It makes observation of parasites impossible.

2. It kills all eggs, cysts, and trophozoites.

3. It makes the specimen hazardous for workers.

2. 4. It confuses the MLS because it looks like yeast.
3. A week later, a new and properly labeled specimen arrived for parasite examination at 2 p.m.

The collection time on the unpreserved liquid specimen was 9 a.m. The comment on the order stated, “Rule out Giardiasis.” How should the MLS handle this specimen?

1. Process as usual; a proper specimen was submitted.

2. Immediately look for trophozoites in a wet mount.
3. Process as usual, noting that trophozoites might not be visible because the sample was not submitted when collected.
4. Reject the specimen because it was not preserved when collected.

4. Two days later a new, fresh, correctly labeled specimen and a PVA tube containing the patient’s feces were submitted for parasitic examination. The specimen, collected at 10 a.m., arrived in the laboratory at 10:30 a.m. Select the correct sequence used to properly process this specimen.
   1. Prepare smears for trichrome and modified acid-fast stains; concentrate and read results from 10% formalin preparation; stain and read the trichrome smears.
   2. Prepare and read the direct mount made from fresh feces; prepare trichrome smears from the PVA tube; concentrate and read results from the PVA tube.
   3. Concentrate and read results from 10% formalin preparation; prepare and read the direct mount made from fresh feces; prepare, stain, and read the trichrome smears from the PVAtube.
   4. Prepare and read the direct mount made from fresh feces; prepare smears for trichrome and modified acid-fast stains; concentrate and read results from 10% formalin preparation; stain and read the trichrome and acid-fast smears.

How do I find the % Mass of sugar in Mt.Dew if I only have the measured density of 1.04g/mL?

9. Determine the amount of product. Do not forget units.

How much lithium chloride (in grams) can be produced using 20 grams of lithium hydroxide? Answer in three significant digits. (5 points)

LiOH         +         KCl        à         LiCl        +        KOH

You are given 5mL of 3mg/mL protein solution. You are asked to prepare samples for SDS-PAGE containing 250ng, 500ng, 750ng, and 1000ng. Your pipettes are calibrated to 2uL at the lower limit. Your total volume is 20uL, with 5uL being your loading buffer. How would you prepare these samples?

TYPED RESPONSE ONLY

Choose a metal to describe in depth; do not choose a nonmetal already selected by another student. Include information on its discovery, history, abundance, physical and chemical properties, and uses or applications.

HW problems:

1)

Give the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of lithium

carbonate and barium nitrate are mixed.

2)

Which of the following solutions will have the highest concentration of chloride ions? 0.10 M NaCl, 0.10 M MgCl2, 0.10 M AlCl3, 0.05 M CaCl2, 0.05 M AlCl3, 0.15 M NaCl

3)

What mass (in grams) of NH3 must be dissolved in 650.0 g of methanol to make a 0.250 m

solution?

4)

How many kJ of energy are required to transform 30.00 moles of solid benzene at -20.00 °C to

gaseous benzene at 140.0 °C?

A solution is formed by adding 3.60 grams of solid barium cyanide, Ba(CN)₂, to 250.0 ml of 0.170M sodium cyanide, NaCN. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution. You may assume that the barium cyanide dissolve completely and that the change in volume is negligible with the addition of the solid.

The concentration of an unknown must be in the range of the known concentrations. You sometimes must dilute an unknown so that the concentration is lower than thehighest concentration measured for your standard curve.

a. If you dilute 1mL of an unknown solution with 1 mL of water, the dilutedconcentration would be 1mL in a total of 2mL of solution. How would this affect the concentration? What is the dilution factor?

b. One would then have to reverse this process when reporting the original concentrationof the unknown solution. What factor would be used to calculate the originalconcentration?

c. If 1mL of unknown solution was diluted to 10mL final volume, what is the dilutionfactor? How would one calculate the original concentration?

d. If 2 mL of unknown solution was diluted to 5mL final volume, what is the dilutionfactor? How would one calculate the original concentration?

How much energy in kJ is required to fully vaporize (at temperature of boiling point = 2525C) a 270g sample of Al(s), initially at 25C?

(Enthalpy of vap = 300. kJ/mol, enthalpy of fusion = 11. kJ/mol)

(specific heat of aluminum for both solid and liquid form = 0.9 J/(K * g))

(temperature of melting point = 625C, temp of boiling point = 2525C)

1.gives the correct order for atomic radius for Mg, Na, P, Si and Ar?

2.Which one of the following elements is the most metallic? a.Ar b.K c.Mg d.Al e,Na

3.A gas mixture of Ne and Ar has a total pressure of 4.00 bar and contains 16.0 mol of gas. If the partial pressure of Ne is 2.75 bar, how many moles of Ar are in the mixture?

4.Which statements about viscosity are generally true?

(i) Viscosity increases as temperature decreases.

(ii) Viscosity increases in a series of related compounds as molecular mass increases.

(iii) Viscosity increases as intermolecular forces increase.

5.The standard cell potential (E°_cell) of the reaction below is -0.55 V. What is ΔG° (kJ/mol) for the reaction?

I₂(s) + 2 Br^-(aq) → 2 I^-(aq) + Br₂(l)

The initial steps in polymerization to form Prussian Blue is a photo-initiated reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II).

i. This is a charge-transfer transition – what kind of charge transfer transition is it, and what is oxidized?  

ii. A gas is released as the photo-sensitized mixture is irradiated. What is it?

iii. Why does reduction of the Fe(III) center make the complex more labile? Explain in terms of CFSE.