The pKa of formic acid was measured by titrating a 1.00 mM solution of formic acid with NaOH in the presence of varied concentrations of NaCl. The results are as listed:

utilize a graphical method to determine the true pKa of formic acid (debye-huckle is valid)

Provide step by step instructions if excel is utilized.

A 10.0 mL aliquot of 0.1000 M base B (pKb1= 4.00, pKb2= 9.00) was titrated with 0.1000 M HCl. At what volume is the second equivalence point?

Find the pH at the volume of the acid added (VHCl) equal 10.0 mL

Find the pH at the volume of the acid added (VHCl) equal 20.0 mL.

Please Explain!

What is the standard free energy of the reaction, in kJ, at 298K for:

1 A (aq) + 1 B (aq) <--> 2 C (aq) + 2 D (aq)

if   ΔH° (A)= -3.4134 kJ/mol , ΔH° (B) = 93.8823 kJ/mol, ΔH° (C) = -26.8495 kJ/mol, and ΔH° (D) = -39.4984 kJ/mol

ΔS° (A)= 33.3845 J/(mol K) , ΔS° (B) = 92.5722 J/(mol K) , ΔS° (C) = -59.1781 J/(mol K) , and ΔS° (D) = -12.7602 J/(mol K)

A mitochondrial membrane complex consisting of ATP synthase, adenine nucleotide translocase (ATP-ADP translocase), and phosphate translocase functions in oxidative phosphorylation. Adenine nucleotide translocase, an antiporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, moves ADP into the matrix and ATP out. Phosphate translocase is also located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It transports H ions and phosphate (H2PO4–) ions into the matrix.

i need to recrystallize 1,4-dichlorobenzene (started with 1:1 mix of 1,4-dichlorobenzene and 4-aminobenzoate then dissolved in diethyl ether and separated by adding HCl). the solvents I have available are 99% ethanol, methanol, water, sodium hydroxide, and sodium sulfate)
Do I need to dry the product with sodium sulfate and the rotovap before recrystallizing? and what solvent(s) would work to recrystallize after rotovap?

a) The antacid component of Tumsr is calcium carbonate. Assume Tumsr is 40.0 percent CaCO3 by mass. If we have 400. mg of Tumsr how many ml of 0.100 M HCl can we neutralize? Express your answer in mL.

b) For every 5.00 mL of milk of magnesia there are 400. mg of magnesium hydroxide. How many mL of milk of magnesia do we need to neutralize 40.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl? Express your answer in mL.

c) Suppose 13.00 mL of 0.100 M barium hydroxide is required to neutralize 17.00 ml of nitric acid with an unknown concentration. What is the concentration of the nitric acid. Express your answer in mol/L.

The compounds listed here are often found in many natural flavors and scents. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound.

ethyl butyrate (pineapple oil): C , 62.04% ; H , 10.41% ; O , 27.55%

Express your answer as a chemical formula.

methyl butyrate (apple flavor): C , 58.80% ; H , 9.87% ; O , 31.33%

Express your answer as a chemical formula.

benzyl acetate (oil of jasmine): C , 71.98% ; H , 6.71% ; O , 21.31%

Express your answer as a chemical formula.

Following the grinding of 1.526 g of cereal, extraction of riboflavin is performed as described in the lab manual, using 40.0 mL of water and 0.25 mL of glacial acetic acid, followed by sonication and filtration. 275 uL of this extraction solution is diluted to 10 mL in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer. Fluorescence intensity measured 153.00 a.u. at the operational wavelength. If the external standard calibration curve equation (fluorescence intensity v. concentration in ppb) is y = 4.00 *x + 26.7, then what is concentration of the extraction solution in ppm? How many mg of riboflavin was extracted?

If you place one Excedrin tablet in a 250 milliliter volumetric flask what will be the concentration of each active ingredient? How would you prepare a solution that contained the active ingredients in the 20-50 microgram/mL range from the solution containing the tablet in 250 mL?

Notes: Excedrin active ingredients and dosage are Acetaminophen 250 mg, Aspirin 250 mg, and Caffeine 65 mg.

Indicate in which solvent the electrostatic force between oppositely charged ions would be the strongest, given the same separation distance, r, for the ions. The dielectric constants of the solvents are: water (80.4), methyl alcohol (32.6), ethyl alcohol (24.3), and acetone (6.5)

please explain how to get the answer!!

At 20^oC, a saturated solution of silver acetate, AgCH₃CO₂, contains 1.0 g of the compound dissolved in 100. mL of solution. Calculate K_sp for silver acetate (ignoring hydrolysis)

The most important commercial process for generating hydrogen gas is the water-gas shift reaction: CH4(g) + H2O(g) → CO(g) + 3H2(g)

a) Use tabulated thermodynamic data to find ΔG° for this reaction at the standard temperature of 25°C.

b) Now calculate ΔG°₁₁₀₀ for this process when it occurs at 1100 K.

Hello,
I was wondering what are other methods to perform a limonene extractions from orange peels and mint leaves rather than the steam and soxhlet extractions? thank you