1. A 70 kg adult male is exposed to 0.001 ppmv of vinyl chloride (C2H3Cl) in the air at his workplace. Note: this is far below the permissible exposure limit set by OSHA (1 ppmv).
a) Calculate this man’s lifetime cancer risk from this inhalation exposure. Assume temperature and pressure conditions of 20°C and 1 atm. Use exposure factors given in Table 6.14, and the slope factor = 0.295 (mg/kg ・ day)^-1.
b) If this man wants to limit his lifetime cancer risk from inhalation exposure to vinyl chloride to 10^-6, how many years could you work at this job?
In: Chemistry
Which of the following species cannot act as a Lewis base?
a) S2
In: Chemistry
the proteins containing the following amino acids
61 LYS 12 SER 25 MET
22 HIS 75 GLU 56 ILE
29 ARG 45 PRO 83 LEU
77 ASP 67 GLY 26 TYR
24 TR 65 ALA 47 PHE
71 VAL
A) what its net charge at PH 1
b) What is net charge at ph 13
c) calculate the pI?
In: Chemistry
1. Under what conditions are ketone bodies formed and what are their uses in the body?
2. Mammals are unable to use fatty acids in gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources) because they lack an enzyme to convert acetyl- CoA to pyruvate. However, recent experimental evidence indicates that certain unusual fatty acids that have odd-numbered carbon chains can be converted to small quantities of glucose. As the odd-carbon chain fatty acid undergoes oxidation, one molecule of propionyl-CoA (3 carbons) is produced during the last cycle. What is the fate of this molecule?
In: Chemistry
A rigid tank with volume Vtank=20 liter is maintained at T1=300 C and initially contain m1=0.08 kg of water as shown in the figure. At some time, a valve is opened allowing Vin=2 liters of waters at Tin=20 C and Pin=20.0 MPa to enter the tank. The valve is shut and eventually all of the water in the tank comes to T2=300 C.
a)Locate state 1 and state in, the states of the water initially in the tank and the water added to the tank, respectively, on a sketch of a T-v diagram. Indicate on your diagram what two properties define each state as well as lines of constant pressures (isobars), lines of constant specific volume (isochors) and/or lines of constant temperatures (isotherms)).
b)What is the initial pressure in the tank (MPa)?
c)What is the mass of the water added to the tank (kg)?
d)Locate state 2, the final state of the water in the tank, on the T-v diagram from (a).
e) What is the final pressure in the tank (MPa)?
f) Explain how it is possible for the temperature of the water in the tank to remain constant at 3000C after adding water with much lower temperature ( 20oC ) to the tank.
g)On a P-v diagram overlay initial state and final state of water in the tank. Indicate on your diagram what two properties define each states and draw isotherms.
In: Chemistry
Bromate and bromide react in acidic solution.
BrO3-(aq) + 5 Br-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) -> Br2(aq) + 3 H2O(l)
The kinetics were studied by measuring the rate of appearacne of Br2 (orange color in solution). Use the following data to determine the rate law (i.e. determine Ea, x, y, and z).
rate = Ae-Ea/RT [BrO3-]x[Br-]y[H+]z
KBr KBrO3 H+ H2O T initial rate
0.0020M 0.0020M 0.020M
---------------------------------------------------------------------
10.0mL 10.0mL 10.0mL 70.0mL 27oC 1.44 x 10-12M/s
20.0mL 10.0mL 10.0mL 60.0mL 27oC 2.88 x 10-12M/s
10.0mL 20.0mL 10.0mL 60.0mL 27oC 2.88 x 10-12M/s
10.0mL 10.0mL 20.0mL 60.0mL 27oC 5.76 x 10-12M/s
10.0mL 10.0mL 10.0mL 70.0mL 43oC 4.63 x 10-12M/s
In: Chemistry
Describe a way in which you use organic compounds in your home or work environment. Choose a compound that is classified as an amide, amine, thiol, carboxylate, and halocarbon. Let’s see how many different examples can be described.
In: Chemistry
1. The mole fraction of an aqueous solution of calcium sulfate is 0.225. Calculate the molarity (in mol/L) of the calcium sulfate solution, if the density of the solution is 1.05 g mL-1.
2. Determine the mole fraction of potassium acetate in a 7.19 M aqueous solution of potassium acetate. The density of the solution is 1.30 g mL-1.
In: Chemistry
Identify the priincipal intermolecular forces in each of the following substances: HF, C4H8, NCl3, Br2, HI
In: Chemistry
Calculate the volume (in mL) of 0.170 M NaOH that must be added to 341 mL of 0.0555 M 3-(N-Morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) to give the solution a pH of 7.55. The pKa of MOPS = 7.18.
In: Chemistry
In a Sodium Borohydride reduction of 9-fluorenone to 9-fluorenol, methanol is used as the solvent because it will not react with the products and reactants and because the products and reactants are very sluble in methanol. Would 2-propanone also be a suitable solvent for this reaction? Why/Why not?
In: Chemistry
what would you expect the vapor temperature to be after collecting 5ml of distillate in a mixture containing 10ml of acetone (bp 56C) and 10ml of water (bp 100C) for a fractional distillation? What would the vapor temperature be in a simple distillation?
In: Chemistry
Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) decomposes in chloroform as a solvent to yield NO2 and O2. The decomposition is first order with a rate constant at 45 ∘C of 1.0×10−5s−1.
Calculate the partial pressure, in atm, of O2 produced from 1.15 L of 0.592 M N2O5 solution at 45 ∘C over a period of 24.3 h if the gas is collected in a 12.1-L container. (Assume that the products do not dissolve in chloroform.)
In: Chemistry
As a technician in a large pharmaceutical research firm, you need to produce 400. mL of 1.00 M a phosphate buffer solution of pH = 7.36. The pKa of H2PO4− is 7.21. You have 2.00 L of 1.00 M KH2PO4 solution and 1.50 L of 1.00 M K2HPO4 solution, as well as a carboy of pure distilled H2O. How much 1.00 M KH2PO4 will you need to make this solution?
In: Chemistry
Can an alkene have the same formula as a cycloalkane? Explain.
In: Chemistry