In: Economics
1) The “element of 2+2?” is related to the "Unifying Theory of Two Plus Two". By this Stanton mean that people are born problem solvers. They're compelled to deduce and to deduct as it often happens in real life due to limited resources. The element of 2+2 helps puts things in a different light and creates more optimistic among them.
2) Stanton states that people care intellectually, emotionally, or aesthetically. They want to complete the sentence and fill it in to learn what others are thinking and what their intentions are.