Question

2. What are the four perspectives on employee motivation? What are the key elements of each perspective? What are the weaknesses of each perspective? How can job design affect employee motivation? (200 words minimum)

Answer 1

Answer 1) Four major perspectives on motivation are

1) Content: Content theory of motivation ponder on 1 question that what employees need in their lives i.e. what motivates them to work hard, be it home, car etc

Key Element: What motivates the employee is known easily

Weakness: Humans are very moody; the motivation needs changes from one to another

2) Process: Process tells how employee’s behavior is motivated, what all things do employees like that what motivates them. The behavioral processes that motivate employees to act in a particular way are referred to as process theories of motivation

Key Element: It confirms that how employees are motivated and that thing can be continued from time to time

Weakness: Employees get bored of same process, something new must be done

3) Job Design: The in office working environment is said to be job design along with this skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and job feedback tells about job design in a firm.

Key Element: Working environment is the key to success in today’s time

Weakness: Heavy cost is involved in this

4) Reinforcement: Reinforcement theory tells that behavior is the result of working consequences, which means an employee develops a behavior after performing certain work/actions.

Key Element: It directly tells that what affects the employees

Weakness: This data is huge and takes time to analyze this it can vary from person to person

Now talking about how job design can affect the employee motivation, it’s just simple that job design is something which is very closely related to the working of employees, the place where employee works, the office, the desk, the employee he/she work with, the furniture, the fixture, the atmosphere in the organization. Along with this job design talks about content, method, working environment of jobs in order to satisfy companies future goal and vision mission with keeping in mind the personal and social needs of employees.