Question

MAKE A POST FOR ONE OF 3 TYPES OF DIABETES PATIENTS: TYPE 1, TYPE 2, OR GESTATIONAL. IN YOUR RESPONSE, FOCUS ON THE TYPE OF PATIENT YOU ARE TREATING AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:

GIVE AN OVERALL EXPLANATION OF DIABETES AND IMPORTANT OVERALL INFORMATION REGARDING THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE ILLNESS.

WHY IS FOOT CARE SO IMPORTANT WITH DIABETIC PATIENTS AND WHAT ARE THE RECOMMENDATIONS YOU WOULD GIVE A DIABETIC PATIENT AS A NURSE?

WHICH TYPE DIABETIC PATIENT WILL YOU BE WRITING ABOUT AND WHAT ARE THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND USUAL CAUSE OF THIS TYPE OF DIABETES?

WHAT TYPE OF MEDICATION OR TREATMENT WOULD BE THE BEST APPROACH FOR THE PATIENT YOU'RE WRITING ABOUT?

WHAT WOULD BE THE EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION YOU WOULD GIVE THIS PATIENT REGARDING HIS/HER CONDITION AND WHAT THEY CAN DO TO MANAGE THE ILLNESS IN ADDITION TO THE MEDICATION?

Answer 1

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the body's inability to manage the extent of glucose within the blood. Glucose is the main sort of sugar within the body. The body breaks food into glucose and uses it as a source of energy. In healthy people, insulin helps to manage the glucose (sugar) levels. Insulin may be a hormone produced by the pancreas (a long, thin organ located behind the stomach against the back).

In diabetics, the body doesn't produce enough insulin or doesn't use the produced insulin effectively. This leads to a high level of glucose within the blood.

Pathophysiology:

The pathophysiology of all types of diabetes is related to the hormone insulin, which is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas.

• Type 1 diabetes - In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas cannot synthesize enough amounts of insulin as needed by the body. it's an autoimmune disease, wherein the body’s own system generates secretion of medicine that attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. the pancreas secretes little or no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is more common among children and young adults. Since it's common among young individuals and insulin hormone is employed for treatment, Type 1 diabetes is additionally mentioned as type I diabetes or Insulin Dependent DM (IDDM)
• Type 2 diabetes- The insulin hormone secret by the beta cell is slightly normal than the normal range. The body cells are not responding to insulin, hence the body cell and tissue become resistant to insulin and they do not absorb insulin as result it remains in the blood. It is common in the middle age group. as insulin is not required to tear it is called non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
• Gestational Diabetes- It is a high level of blood sugar level in pregnant women due to hormonal imbalance. After childbirth, it returns to normal.

Importance of foot care in the diabetic patient:

HIgh blood glucose for a long period of time may result in a condition called diabetic neuropathy or loss of circulation to the legs. If the nerves are damaged our legs lose sensation and become a dump. It is commonly found in the lower extremities because of more blood supply to that area.

Diabetic foot complications include:

• Foot ulcers – open wounds on the foot
• Charcot foot – deformation of the foot
• Amputation

Recommendations for diabetic Patient:

• Monitor blood glucose level at regular intervals
• Maintain a healthy life style.
• lose extra weight
• avoid alcoholic beverages
• use plenty of green vegetables
• wear socks and soft shoes
• Promoting self-care

Type 1 diabetes or Insulin-dependent diabetes.

It usually occurs in childhood or adolescence. A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas which helps to cut done sugar level in blood and helps to enter the cell.

Characteristics

1. Increased thirst

2. Frequent urination

3. Bed-wetting in children who previously didn't wet the bed during the night

4. Extreme hunger

5. Unintended weight loss

6. Irritability and other mood changes

7. Fatigue and weakness

8. Blurred vision

Causes.

The exact cause is still unknown, but a possible cause includes

• Genetics
• Infection

Treatment.

Everyone with type 1 diabetes needs to use insulin shots to control their blood sugar.

Several types of insulin are available.

• Rapid-acting starts to work in about 15 minutes.
• Regular or short-acting gets to work in about 30 minutes. Works for 3 to 6 hours.
• Intermediate-acting won’t get into your bloodstream for 2 to 4 hours after your shot. It peaks from 4 to 12 hours and works for 12 to 18 hours.
• Long-acting takes several hours to get into your system and lasts about 24 hours.

ADVICE:

1. Healthy eating and following a Meal Plan- Eating a balanced diet and following a meal plan are important [arts of type 1 diabetes treatment. Meal plans usually include breakfast, lunch, and dinner with scheduled between meals snacks.
2. Monitoring Blood sugar Levels - Treating type 1 diabetes also involves checking blood sugar levels and responding to the results.
3. Getting Regular Physical Activity- Regular physical activity helps in controlling the blood sugar level.
4. Diabetic foot care - includes wearing socks, wearing soft shoes, removal of nails.
5. Self-care during illness- Includes continuing insulin, blood test readings

IF THE PATIENT IS FOLLOWING ABOVE INSTRUCTION IT IS ENOUGH FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ILLNESS IN ADDITION TO MEDICINE