In: Nursing
1. All the domains of development and learning – physical,
social and emotional, and cognitive – are important, and they are
closely interrelated. Children’s development
and learning in one domain influence and are influenced by what
takes place in other domains.
2. Many aspects of children’s learning and development follow
well-documented sequences, with later abilities, skills, and
knowledge building on those already
acquired.
3. Development and learning proceed at varying rates from child to
child, as well as at uneven rates across different areas of a
child’s individual functioning.
4. Development and learning result from dynamic and continuous
interactions of biological maturation and experience.
5. Early experiences have profound effects, both cumulative and
delayed, on a child’s development and learning; and optimal periods
exist for certain types of development and learning to occur.
6. Development proceeds toward greater complexity, self-regulation,
and symbolic or representational capacities.
7. Children develop best when they have secure, consistent
relationships with responsive adults and opportunities for positive
relationships with peers.
8. Development and learning occur in and are influenced by multiple
social and cultural contexts.
9. Always mentally active in seeking to understand the world around
them, children learn in a variety of ways; a wide range of teaching
strategies and interactions are
effective in supporting all these kinds of learning.
10. Play is an important vehicle for developing self-regulation as
well as for promoting
language, cognition, and social competence.
11. Development and learning advance when children are challenged
to achieve at a level just beyond their current mastery, and also
when they have many opportunities
to practice newly acquired skills.
12. Children’s experiences shape their motivation and approaches to
learning, such as persistence, initiative, and flexibility; in
turn, these dispositions and behaviors affect
their learning and development.