Question

2. Nutrition as the source for metabolic fuels. Energy balance. (biochemistry)

(please explain with more explanation its my final exam question...thank you ! :))

Answer 1

Nutrition is the process by which food is utilized by the organisms .Nutrition provides nutrients.Nutrients provides the proper amount of nourishment and energy for the body.Nutrients include carbohydrates,proteins,fat,vitamins and minerals.Carbohydrates,proteins and fat are macronutrients while vitamins and minerals are micronutrients.Macronutrients are needed by our body in large amounts while micronutrients are needed only in small quantities.Nutrients are necessary for the growth,repair,metabolism and nourishment of the body.They are the source for metabolic fuels and energy balance.If there is no right balance of nutrients in the body,this leads to the risk of certain health conditions.

CARBOHYDRATES: Starch,sugar and fiber are types of carbohydrates.Ther are the energy sources of the body.They provide energy for the metabolic activities to take place.Sugar breakdown and the energy is stored as ATP which is used as a metabolic fuel.Excess sugar is converted to starch and used whenever necessary.Fibers are sometimes metabolized to produce energy.Fibers reduces the ris of cardiovascular diseases.

PROTEINS: Proteins are complex macronutrient made up of aminiacids.There are 20 aminoacids.Proteins are play a role in the growth ad repair of the vbody.Enzumes,hormones and other body chemicals are made up of proteins.They are the building blocks of muscles,skin ,blood etc.When the main energy source of the body ,carbohydrates gets depleted,protein gets metabolized to produce energy.

FATS: Fat include triglycerides,Cholesterol and essential fatty acids.Fat store energy in the body.The cover the delicate internal organs and protect from external damage.Fat provide lubrication to the body parts.Whwn fat is broken down,they provide twice as much as energy as carbohydrates or proteins.

MINERALS: Minerals include potasium,sodium,manganese,magnesium,calcium etc.They help in the body growth.Some minerals helps to maintain the composition of body fluids,maintain the electrolyte balance, as cofactors,components of ATP etc.They also help in biochemical functions like energy production,healing,repair of tissues etc.

VITAMINS: There are 13 vitamins in our body.It include vit A,C,D,E,K and other B vitamins.Vitamins are needed for proper growth and energy production.They help in proper vision,maintaining the metabolism rate,healing wounds,boost up immune system etc.Some vitamins acts as coenzymes in energy production.