Question

discuss racism and challenges in health equity of organizations and society

and communites as well

Answer 1

Health inequities among racial minorities are pronounced , persistent and pervasive . Racism may be one cause of these inequities. Studies find that the individual who report experiencing racism exhibit worse health than people who do not report it.

Health inequities are seen in many outcomes , including infant mortality , heart disease and cancer .

The structural racism is defined as yhe macrolevel system social forces , institution , ideologies and process that interact with one another to generate and reinforce inequities among racial and ethnic groups. The term structural racism emphasize the most influential socioecologic levels at which racism may affect racial and ethnic health inquities.

Segregation within schools, workplace and health care facilities may also contribute to health disparities. For example , studies found that the school segregation is related to health behaviours ( e.g. alcohol use) among students . Just as importantly , they found that segregation was associated with decreased educational aspirations among black males. An innovative features of their work is the focus, not on the uneven distribution of students across schools, but on segregation within the curriculum ( i.e. , racial disparities in enrollment in advanced vs . less advanced courses).Hence, it is not only the composition of students that may create health disparities but also the design of the curriculum.

The segregation of social networks may contribute to racialized patterns in the spread of infectious disease. Disparities in the spread of some disease reflect existing pattern of social isolation segregated than members of other groups .

Noncitizens were more likely to report discrimination in health care and less likely to have health insurance and usual place for care tahn citizens. Noncitizens often work in occupations without insurance benefits. Yet, it is important to acknowledge that citizenship extend far more deeply into fundamental rights., Such as the ability to vote.

We should also develop amore granular analysis between immigrants types. This can take several forms, including between documented versus undocumented migrants, between citizens and noncitizen and even within classes of legal noncitizens immigrant.

International drag may be a useful tool for investigating structural racism contribution to health disparities across time. This approach can guide on the long term implications policies and other social forces. Example of timely application to the study of health disparities include mapping the effects of current anti - immigrants policies on future health disparities among racially and ethnically diverse recent immigrants.

Accomplishing these goals requries adequate tools and data. This should be assisted via ongoing surveillance , using both qualitative and quantitative methods , to monitor the endemic of racial bias. We should integrated assembly of racial bias into core data systems , such as in the National Health Interview survey ( NHIS) and the American Community Survey Agencies should cross link their data systems , for instance , by merging data from Home Mortage Disclosure Act(HMDA) ( which monitor racialbias by lending institutions) to NHIS .