Question

Choose any disease of your preference and answer what is the 1. Etiology 2. Pathophysiology and 3 treatment.

Answer 1

PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

It is the ulcer that occurs when the acid produced by the stomach damage the lining of digestive tract.

1) Etiology: PUD can be due to

H. pylori infection,

certain types of drugs including NSAIDs,

life style factors like smoking and drinking alcohol

Hyper secretory conditions, which is uncommon

Genetic factors

2) Pathophysiology:

A physiological balance exist between gastric acid secretion and gastroduodenal mucosal defence, under a normal conditions in a human body. If this balance has been disrupted due to various above mentioned factors, peptic ulcer occurs. The acid rushes directly into the mucosal lining of the digestive tract leading the ulcer problem.

3)Treatment:

Treatment consist of combination of following drugs and lifestyle modifications.

Antibiotics: the infection due to H. pylori can be reduced

proton pump inhibitors which will decrease acid release

Antacids which will counteract the effects of stomach acids

Lifestyle modification may include stopping of smoking and alcohol intake. Stop or reduce the intake of NSAIDs.