Question

What is the incidence and prevalence of Pediatric kidney disease?

What is the etiology of end stage renal disease in children?

Discuss at least 2 complications of pediatric CKD.

Review several treatments and unique problems the articles identified for children with CKD.

Develop 3 nursing diagnoses with interventions for 17yo w/ CKD.

Answer 1

What is the incidence and prevalence of Pediatric kidney disease?

As per a study in 2003, it is reported that there are occurence of nearly 500 cases in an year. The highest prevalence was seen in Italy at 260 cases per 1 million and the least in Bangladesh where 1 case per 1 million population.

What is the etiology of end stage renal disease in children?

The major etiological factors of CKD in paediatrics are:

• Obstructive uropathy.
• Reflux nephropathy.
• Hypoplastic or dysplastic kidneys.
• Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant varieties
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as a variant of childhood nephritic syndrome.

Discuss at least 2 complications of pediatric CKD.

The 2 major complications of paediatric CKD are

• Growth retardation due to malnutrition, metabolic acidosis, resistance to growth hormone, reduced levels of sex hormone, bone disease etc.
• Anemia due to lack of erythropoetin, hyperparathyroidism causing myelofibrosis, uremia, iron and folate deficiency etc.

Review several treatments and unique problems the articles identified for children with CKD.

There are many problems like swelling and puffiness in feet, around eyes etc., diuresis and bedwetting, growth retardation when compard to peers, loss of appetite, severe nausea and fatigue. Treatment mainly focus on correction of estimation parameters level, anemia, retarded growth etc. Iron, bicarbonate etc. are prescribed.

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