Question

Conduct a search on Google for recent news articles about anemia or auscultation. Hint: put your selected term in quotation marks (i.e. “cellular injury”) then click the “News” tab below the search field.

Select and read an article from the last 36 months.

Prepare a summary (recommended word count 300) of the article including a complete APA citation.

Answer 1

• Anemia is a lack of hemoglobin in blood. Having anemia can makes feel tired and weak.
• There are many forms of anemia each with aits own cause , sickle cell anemia is one of them.
• Sickle cell disease is a hemoglobinopathy which affects approximately 100,000 individual in United States.
• It is caused by point mutation in - globin gene resulting in synthesis of pathological hemoglobin S(HbS).
• Pathophysiological studies shown dense dehydrated red cell play a significant role in acute and chronic clinical manifestations of SCD.
• This is due to modulation of innate immunity and increased iNKT lymphocytes, increase level of vascular active cytokine such as endothelium combined with the final contribution of platelet.
• Hydroxyurea is the gold standard treatment for SCD.
• Various option for treatment are :

1. Molecule targeting hemolysis induced vasculopathy.
2. Agents that modulate the abnormal tone.
3. Agents interfering with red cellvascular adhesion event.

• Molecules interfering with the physical properties of the red cell endothelial adhesion process. Molecules specifically interfering with sickle cell endothelial adhesive mechanism. Molecule affecting platelet function. These are still under progress.
• N- acetyl cysteine an exogenous thiol donor.

In the last two decades, progress in hemopoietic stem cell transplantation strategies have allowed to offer a new curative option.

Development of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been reported to represent a new potential therapeutic tool.

A new field of combination therapy require a holistic approach considering the improvement of patient quality of life.

( Matte A et.al.2018.New therapeutic options fro the treatment of sickle cell disease. MJHID;11:1-12)