1-Fill in the blank: Efficient human to human transmission (spread) is required for an influenza virus...

1-Fill in the blank: Efficient human to human transmission (spread) is required for an

influenza virus to cause a(n) _________.

2-true or False: Mutations of the CCR5 gene can confer a resistance to infection with HIV?

3-What role does the full length RNA and fragmented RNA play during norovirus replication?

4-Describe the Kaplan criteria for a norovirus infection ?

Expert Solution

1.

Efficient human to human transmission (spread) is required for an influenza virus to cause an infection / flu / pandemic . ( Note - u can fill any one of the terms here)

2.

True
CCR5 is a chemokine receptor . The CCR56 receptor first binds to HIV and infection proceeds.
A muttaion in CCR5 receptor makes HIV unable to bind to cell and cause infection .
Hence mutation in CCR5 confer resistance to HIV infection.

3.

Norovirus is an RNA virus .
The RNA of the virus itself acts as an mRNA .
The full length mRNA contains genes for translation ,translocation and other processes necessary for viruses .
The RNA of the virus also acts as primers for norovirus replication.
If the RNA is fragmented then the virus is unable to perform its function and some processes like protein synthesis gets hampered.

4.

Klapan criteria states that if i=mean duration of illness is around 12 to 60 hours .
Incubation period of 24 to 48 hours
No bacterial infection
More than 50% of people affected and vomiting .
If these cases are present then it is norovirus infection .

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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