75% methane, 20% propane and 5% nitrogen detected in a natural gas. Determine the higher heating value and the lower heating value of this natural gas in kJ/mol.

5. Estimate numerically the change in carbonate-rock porosity caused by a complete dolomitization

of calcite, accounting to the chemical reaction, 2CaCO3+Mg2+ =CaMg(CO3)2+Ca2+, will yield a carbonate rock’s porosity of 13% .

(Dill/Bromberg 31.2) a) Use the Flory-Huggins theory to estimate the number ν(1) of configurations of a folded protein chain confined to be maximal compact, M = N. Simplify the expression using Stirling’s approximation. b) If the number of configurations of an unfolded protein chain is ν1(u) = M(z −1)N−1 (since M >> N), compute the entropy of folding ∆Sf old = kB ln " ν1(c) ν1(u)

Write the volume in m³ will 2.50 kg of nitrogen (N₂) occupy at 450 Kelvin and 10 bar? Use the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation and also specify the value of the constant R

Liquefaction, the process of forming a liquid typically from a gas, can be accomplished by changing temperature and/or pressure. Describe how the variables are changed in most industrial processes, such as forming liquid argon? From an atomic or microscopic point of view, how do the particles or atoms have to arrange for a liquid to form and what holds them together?

Can any one can explain me the chemical engineering behind a Dialysis machine?

Like how it woks, parts ans which chemical is used to filter out the waste products.. (In Brief!!)

Or what is involved in the dialyser?

How is genetic engineering used to increase a plant’s resistance to insects ?

Pulp containing paraffin wax is to be dewaxed in a continuous countercurrent extraction system using kerosene. The pulp containing the wax is kerosene-free when entering the extractor, and contains 20% paraffin wax and 80% pulp. After extraction, it must not contain over 0.2 lb wax / 100 lb wax-free pulp. The kerosene used for the extraction contains 0.05 lb of wax per 100 lb kerosene. Experiments show that the pulp retains 2.0 lb of kerosene per lb of kerosene- and wax-free pulp as it is transferred from cell to cell. The extract from the extraction battery is to contain 5 lb wax per 100 lb of kerosene. How many stages are required?

A well-mixed stirred tank reactor has a volume of 200 L. The feed to the reactor is a stream with a flow rate of 50 L/min that has a concentration of species A equal to 5 moles/L. This species undergoes a reaction in the tank of the form

A ----> B

The rate of the reaction (rate of consumption of A) is given by rA=kCa with K = 4 min-1. The exit stream from the reactor is also 50 L/min assume all solutions have the same density.

a. What is the steady state concentration of A in the exit stream?

b. After the steady state is reached, if at some time the inlet concentration of A is changed to 4 moles/L, derive the resultant exit concentration of A as a function of time and find out the time elapsed for the tank to reach again steady state.

A tank contains 800 kg acetone. A steady stream of acetone is added to the tank at a rate of 1200 kg/hr. At the same time a stream is withdrawn from the tank at a rate that increases with time. Initially the withdrawal rate is 800 kg/hr and four hours later the rate is 1000 kg/hr.

a. Derive the differential equation that describes the mass of acetone in the tank.

b. Solve your equation derived in part a.

c. Calculate the maximum amount of acetone in the tank and the time it takes to empty the tank.

In a constant volume batch reactor, enzyme E catalyzes the transformation of reactant A to product R as follows:

A -----> R

The rate of consumption of A is given as rA= 200CACE/(2 + CA) (mol/l min). If we introduce enzyme with an initial concentration of 0.001 mol/l and reactant with an initial

concentration of CA0=10 mol/l into a constant volume batch reactor and let the reaction proceed, find the time needed for the concentration of reactant to drop to 0.025 mol/l. Note that the concentration of enzyme remains unchanged during the reaction.

Draw (by hand is fine) P-T phase diagrams for water (do not worry about multiple solid phases) and for a compound that is not water. Label the phases, the coexistence curves, and the sign of dP/dT for the curves. Also, explain the reason for the sign of dP/dT and what happens to pressure as temperature is increased for each curve.

Methane gas (CH4) at -10°C is burned with pure O2 at 5°C. The O2 is fed at a mol ratio of 1.8:1 relative to CH4. The flue gases leave at 90°C. All compounds exit in the gas phase. Assume the system is at steady state and no work is done. DHo f, CH4, gas = -74.84 kJ/mol Cp (for all gases and vapors): 30 J/mol.K DHo f, CO2, gas = -393.51 kJ/mol DHo f, H2O, gas = -241.83 kJ/mol a) What is the limiting reactant? b) Calculate the heat released per mol of O2 c) What would happen to the heat released per mol of O2 if we did the following: i) Increase temperature of reactants ii) Increase temperature of products iii) Increase feed ratio to 2 mol O2 : 1 mol CH4