Question

Describe the basic steps in blood glucose regulation, including the roles of insulin and glucagon, as well as the organs involved.

Answer 1

Blood glucose regulations establish the harmony between the glucose intake and its usage by the body for the energy needs of the body. The normal level i.e. less than 80-100 mg/dl is required in fasting state for the body. If lower the level then considered hypoglycemic condition and if more than this it indicated the hyperglycemic condition. Hence proper blood regulation in the body is required and which is maintained through the hormones insulin & glucagon. Insulin is released from the beta cells of islets of langerhans in the pancreas (the organ involved) when there is increased level of glucose in the blood. The steps involve the increase the uptake and use of the glucose by the cells. It also promotes the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles.

On the other hand if the glucose level is low in the blood then the glucagon hormone is released and maintains the proper supply of the glucose to core organs like the brain and other organs facing starve condition which may lead to death. The steps involve the stimulation of glycolysis by the glucagon and promote the supply of the free glucose in the blood stream.