Working from first principles, derive an expression for the efficiency of an Otto Cycle engine in terms of compression ratio. Sketch the P-V diagram for this cycle and annotate it using the same station numbers used in your derivation. State why the efficiency must be less than that of the Carnot Cycle.

Working from first principles, derive an expression for the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas, in terms of flight velocity, specific heat at constant pressure and the ambient temperature.

a) Describe briefly how to develop a sensor using strain gauge. Your answer should be supported with figure(s) and block diagram showing the mechanical and electrical relation of the sensor [5 marks) Subject : Instrumentation

staybolts are most commonly used in ------ boilers.

Assess in details, the relevance of Mechanical Engineering to other disciplines going by the new technological trends.

If one side of the cavity wall of a Helmholtz resonator is a mass-spring oscillator, what will be natural frequency of the resonator?

Preamble:

Nico Case is an industrial engineer working in Vancouver, BC. Ms. Case is responsible for the design and development of a new warehousing operation for a national manufacturer of yoga clothing. Nico has several design alternatives available, each with differing types of equipment, production strategy, cost, and potential throughput. Accordingly, Ms. Case has decided to build a simulation model to guide her analysis. The following questions relate to this study.  

Q 1a18. Ms. Case is interested in setting the warm up period for her model. She has run a pilot run of her simulation and output hourly throughput for her system. She receives the following data:

a) Define what is meant by "transient" as opposed to “steady-state" for a simulation model.

b) Why is it important to identify a warm up period for a simulation model?

c) Using Welch's technique and a moving window with w = 1, estimate the warm up period for this model.

Q 418. Using an LCG generator with parameters a: 21, m: 100, c: 13 and x0: 7 generate (if possible) a random variate from each of the following distributions. For each sub question, you may restart the LCG stream (i.e. feel free to reuse the same random number for each sub-question)

a. Normal (15, 5)

b. Gamma (5, 4)

c. Poisson (2)

d. Weibull (2, 2)

e.Triangular(1,2,5)                                                                                

1. When recovery/recycling equipment is used to remove refrigerant from a mobile A/C system, how much lubricant will be removed during operation?
A. 4 ounces
B. Generally, very lttle, if any
C. The complete system lubricant charge
D. At least 6 ounces

2. Which SAE standard(s) must be referred to on the label of approved HFC-134a refrigerant recycling machines?

A. SAE J1988 or SAE J1627
B. SAE J1989 or SAE J2791
C. SAE J1990 or SAE J2297
D. SAE J2210 or SAE J2788

3. CFC-12 recovery equipment has SAE 3/8-inch service fittings. HFC- 134a recovery equipment has:
A. 1/2 inch Acme threads
B. 10 mm threads
C. Quick-couple design
D. Same as CFC-12 recovery equipment

4. To recover and recharge refrigerant from an HFO-1234yf system, a shop will need:
A. Only a new storage tank
B. A new recovery, recycling and recharging machine
C. No new equipment
D. A new compressor

5. To what does Global Warming Potential (GWP) refer?
A. Relative ability to warm a car cabin
B. Relative ability to produce global warming effect
C. A global attempt to address global warming
D. Relative ability to cool the planet

A horizontal pipe with a diameter of 4 inches abruptly connects to a larger pipe of 12 inches in diameter in an industrial application.

The flow is turbulent and the volume flow rate is 10 ft³/s in the smaller pipe and its pressure is 75 psia. The water temperature is 70-degrees Fahrenheit and the kinetic energy correction factor is 1.06 for the inlet and outlet connection.
What is the loss coefficient, K_L
What is the head loss in feet
What is the pressure in the larger pipe downstream from the transition in psia

Moist air initially at T₁ = 140°C, p₁ = 4 bar, and relitive humidity = 74% is contained in a 2.0-m³ closed, rigid tank. The tank contents are cooled to T₂ = 35°C.

Determine the temperature at which condensation begins, in °C

A 3-page paper on some aspect of current science or technology. Papers should be double-spaced, using 12-point type.

* Dynamics writing assignment.

Determine the amount of axial force (in N) to cause buckling-failure for a Long or Intermediate Column. (Hint: Only two buckling methods, Euler or Johnson, but determine which method you need to use first using determining equation)

Data:

Cross-Section is a hollow rectangle with a base of 40 mm, height of 40 mm, and a wall thickness of 10 mm.

Length of the column is 0.5 meters.

Material is a Steel with a young's modulus of 207 GPa.

Yield strength of 390 MPa

Boundary Constraint: Fixed on one end and Fixed on the other end

For boundary constraints, use the Theoretical value from table 4-2.

As engineers, what success did they change from the present airbag and the first early airbag?