Explain the meaning of the following terms with respect to professional engineering practice :

a) Lump sum contract

b) Confidential disclosure

c) ACCC

d) Continuing professional development

e) Incident reports

f) Risk assessment

g) Breach of contract

h) Common law

i) Preliminary negotiations

j) Patent

Air is supplied to a convergent–divergent nozzle from a
reservoir where the pressure is 100 kPa. The air is then discharged
through a short pipe into another reservoir where the pressure
can be varied. The cross-sectional area of the pipe is twice the
area of the throat of the nozzle. Friction and heat transfer may be
neglected throughout the flow. If the discharge pipe has constant
cross-sectional area, determine the range of static pressure in the
pipe for which a normal shock will stand in the divergent section
of the nozzle. If the discharge pipe tapers so that its cross-sectional
area is reduced by 25%, show that a normal shock cannot be drawn
to the end of the divergent section of the nozzle. Find the maximum
strength of shock (as expressed by the upstream Mach number) that
can be formed.

With a flowchart showing the overall activities in the production of a part or component, show the stage where the material of the part or component is determined.

state the three fan laws for variation in speed as well as three laws for variation in density

A rigid, sealed container of R134a initially at -30°C and 40% quality is placed inside a room so that it heats up at 5°C/hr. If there is 3 kg of R134a in the container, determine:

a) The volume of the container

answer must be 0.2723 m3

b) The specific volume of the vapour when the R134a finishes converting into a gas

answer must be 0.09075 m3/kg

c) The pressure when all the R134a has finished converting into a gas

answer must be 222.8 kPa

d) The energy required to turn all the R134a into a gas

answer must be 399.6 kJ

e) How long it will take for all the R134a to become a gas

answer must be 4.52 hrs

A Diesel engine with a compression ratio of 16 has a cutoff ratio of 1.5. The state before polytropic compression (exponent 1.3) is 1700 cm3 , 96 kPa and 22°C and there is isentropic expansion.

(a) Sketch the P-v diagram for this cycle.

(b) Calculate the heat transfer in and heat transfer out.

answer must be Qin = 657 J or 724 J or 866 J, Qout = 291 J or 296 J or

(c) Determine the thermal efficiency.

answer must be 56% or 59.1% or 64.1%

(d) Calculate the mean effective pressure

answer must be 230 kPa or 268 kPa

A turbine flowmeter has a bore of internal diameter 150 mm. The rotor consists of eight
blades, each of mean thickness 5 mm, mounted on a hub of mean diameter 35 mm. The clearance
between each blade tip and the bore is 1 mm, and the inlet blade angle at tip is 20°. Estimate
the meter factor K in pulses/m3.

If a dynamic pressure of 250 Pa was measured in a water tunnel using a pitot static tube and a mercury (denisty of 13650 kg.m ^ -3) manometer inckunded at 30 degrees, what is the velocity being measured in the water tunnel?

1- You need to analyze the operation and performance of a four-stroke, spark-ignition internal combustion engine (automobile engine).

a- Would you analyze the engine as an Open System or a Closed System?

b- How many properties of the engine exhaust would you need to measure in order to determine the Thermodynamic State of the exhaust gas?

c- Identify a set of properties of the exhaust gas that you might measure to establish its state.

d- Are these properties Intensive or Extensive?

Using the design of a kitchen blender and mixer: Apply several of the progressive methods to the product design and development. Explain how this benefits product development.

An ASTM A36 steel having a yield strength of 235 MPa, a tensile strength of 640 MPa, and an endurance limit of 210 MPa is subjected to a cyclic loading. Using the Goodman diagram, predict whether the material has an infinite fatigue life, or whether it will fail by yielding or fatigue, when the cyclic stress is between:

(i) 0 and 250 MPa.

(ii) 95 ± 220 MPa

Briefly describe methods used in recycling of Steel and Aluminum. Which product make use of such recycled Aluminum and Steel.

What is the difference between Thermoplastics and Thermoset polymers?

A)Thermoplastics can be moulded to shape, thermoset cannot.

B)Thermoplastics have covalent bonds that can be broken and reformed, thermoset does

not.

c. Thermoplastics have entangled polymerics units that can be untangled at elevated

temperature, thermoset does not.
d. Thermoset plastics are more flexible then thermoplastics.

Q )What is/are the benefit(s) of short fibre reinforcements?

A)Increased stiffness only.

B)Increased strength and increased Toughness.

C) Increased Toughness and increased flexibility.

D) None of the above.

What is apparent density?

a)Density as measured via suspension in water.

b)Density of materials without any pores.

c)Density of material calculated with the inclusion of ONLY open pores.

e)Density of materials calculated with the inclusion of ONLY close pores.

Q Plane strain fracture toughness is a fundamental material property which:

a) is valid when specimen thickness is much greater than crack dimensions.

b) increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing temperature.

c)usually increases with strengthening.

d)is not dependent on microstructure

Q)Nickel superalloys are selected for high-temperature gas turbine blades because of:

a)High modulus.

b)High creep strength.

c)High maximum working temperature.

d) b and c.

Q. The most important mechanical properties of metals include stiffness, strength, ductilityand toughness. Which of the following statements is true:

a. Both strength and stiffness are strongly dependent on microstructure and processing.

b. Strength is a measure of resistance to elastic deformation whereas toughness is a measure of resistance to fracture.

c. Ductility is a measure of the ability of a material to plastically deform.d. Increasing strength generally increases toughness.

List fabrication methods of composite Materials.