Operationalizing variables can be a difficult task for a researcher. Choose a conceptual variable that is of interest to you and then attempt to operationalize it, that is, how could this variable be measured in a research study? Also identify the level of measurement of your variable (i.e., categorical, ordinal, interval, ratio).

Discuss the importance of crime statistics for criminologists. In your discussion, point to the advantages and disadvantages of the major methods of gathering crime statistics and show how these methods provide different pictures about the nature of crime.

The examination of Bridget Bishop before the Worshipfull John Harthon and Jonathan Curren esq'rs(april19,1692)

Bridget Bishop being now coming in to be examined relating to her accusation of Suspicon of sundry acts of witchcrafts the afflicted persons are now dreadfully afflicted by her as they doe say.

(Mr. Harthon) Bishop what doe you say you here stand charged with sundry acts of witchcraft by you done or committed upon the bodyes of mercy Lews and An Putnam and others.

(Bishop) I am innocent I know nothing of it I have done no witchcraft

(Mr. Har) Looke upon this woman and see if this be the woman that you have seen hurting you. Mercy Lewes and An Putnam and others doe [doe] now charge her to her face with hurting of them.

(Mr. Harthon) What doe you say now you see they charge you to your face

(Bish) I never did hurt them in my life I did never see these persons before I am as innocent as the child unborn

(Mr. Harth) is not your coate cut

(Bish)[RECORDER'S NOTE: answers no but her garment being Looked upon they find it cut or toren two wayes Jonathan walcoate saith that the sword that he strucke at goode Bishup with was not naked but was within the scabbord so that the rent may very probablie be the very same that mary walcoate did tell that she had in her coate by Jonathans stricking at her apperance The afflicted persons charge her, with having hurt them many wayes and by tempting them to sine to the devils Booke at which charge she seemed to be very angrie and shaking her head at them saying it was false they are all greatly tormented (as I conceive) by the shaking of her head]

(Mr Har) good Bishop what contract have you made with the devill

(Bish) I have made no contract with the devill I never saw him in my life. An Putnam sayeth that shee calls the devill her God

(Mr. Har) what say you to all this that you are charged with can you not find in your heart to tell the truth

(Bish) I doe tell the truth I never hurt these persons in my life I never saw them before.

(Mercy Lewes) oh goode Bishop did you not come to our house the Last night and did you not tell me that your master made you tell mor than you were willing to tell

(Mr Har) tell us the truth in this matter how comes these persons to be thus tormented and to charge you with doing

(Bish) I am not come here to say I am a witch to take away my life

(Mr. Har) who is that that doth it if you doe not they say it is your likenes that comes and torments them and tempts them to write in the booke what Booke is that you tempt them with.

(Bish) I know nothing of it I am innocent.

(Mr Harth) doe you not see how they are tormented you are acting witchcraft before us what doe you say to ths why have you not an heart to confese the truth

(Bish) I am innocent I know nothing of it I am no witch I know not what a witch is.

(Mr. Har) have you not given consent that some evill spirit should doe this in your likeness.

(B) no I am innocent of being a witch I know no man woman or child here

(Marshall Herrik) how came you into my bed chamber one morning then and asked me whether I had any curtains to sell shee is by some of the aflicted persons charged with murder

(Mr Harth) what doe you say to these murders you are charged with

(B) I am innocent I know nothing of it now she lifts up her eyes and they are greatly tormented again

(Mr Har) what doe you say to these things here horrible acts of witch craft (Bish) I know nothing of it I doe not know whither be any witches or no

(Mr Har) no have you not heard that some have confessed.

(Bish) no I did not.

[RECORDER'S NOTE:two men told her to her face that they had told her here shee is taken in a plain lie now shee is going away they are dreadfully afflicted 5 afflicted persons doe charge this woman to be the very woman that hurts them This is a true account of what I have taken down at her examination according to best understanding and observation I have also in her examination taken notice that all her actions have great influence upon the aflicted persons and that they have been tortored by her]Ezekiel Cheever

Question

What theory do you think is most plausible for why the witch trials and witch hunt took place in Salem? Look at the trial transcripts which is given above and offer an analysis - what does this primary resource tell us about this time in history. How is it important?

how does the sympathetic adrenal medulla axis and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis complement each other during the fight or flight reaction?

1-

Feminism is the view that women are inherently equal to men and deserve equal rights and opportunities. The word "inherently" means _________________. (Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts; Dictonary.com)

Select one:

a. with a less critical perspective

b. a permanent quality that exists in a person or thing

c. from a patriarchal perspective

d. the opposite of innate

2-

________________ is the study of religious faith, practice, and experience; especially the study of God and of God's relation to the world.

(Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. Gender

b. Theology

c. Feminism

d. Patriarchy

3-

_______________involve the assumption that a particular characteristic, such as race, gender, ethnicity, or sexual orientation, is the most important in the lives of group members. (Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. Identity politics

b. Gendering

c. Females and femaleness

d. Classical civilization and modernity

4-

Catherine MacKinnon says that women are oppressed and exploited due to the __________________. (Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

*MacKinnon asserts that patriarchy, as a systemic oppressor, entitles men to women’s bodies. Women are enslaved sexually through rape, marriage, sex work, and the beauty industry through a system of patriarchal commodification - turning women into objects that can be bought, sold, and discarded.

Select one:

a. social and political movement

b. social meaning of women 's bodies

c. the assumption

d. any system

5-

____________ is a word that means "man-hating." It is the dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against males. (Power Point: Week ONe - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. Feminism

b. Misanthropy

c. Patriarchy

d. Misandry

6-

Patriarchy is a social system in which males hold primary power, have more roles _____________ in political leadership.(Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. not property

b. than women

c. moral authority

d. but no social privilege

7-

Gender is the state of being male or female. We typically use the word "gender" when referring to _____________ rather than biological ones. (Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. biology

b. biological identity

c. equality

d. social and cultural differences

8-

___________ is the belief that females and males are each born with certain distinct traits. It's the belief that there are innate, essential differences between women and men. (Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts)

Select one:

a. Women's subordination

b. Subordination of peoples

c. Political and economic destiny

d. Gender essentialism

9-

The idea that we are equal but different can lead to _________________ if we forget that "equal" refers to the inherent worth of women and men.

(Power Point: Week One - Key Concepts; Inherent Worth by Rev. Dr. Mark Causey).

Select one:

a. adopting more feminine traits

b. conservatism

c. sharing caring and cooperation with females

d. discrimination

10-

People have interpreted religious beliefs in ways that say women are ______________. The sexist interpretations of religious doctrines have helped to create patriarchal systems that block women’s full participation in society. (Power Points: Week One - Key Concepts; WomanSpirit Rising pages 1-5)

Select one:

a. superior to men

b. inferior to men

c. heads of the household

d. obedient to God

How does the theory of resource dependence relate to the case of the smithsonian institution and the catherine b. reynolds foundation?

Identify an are of social science about marriage and the family?

You pose some interesting ideas regarding both IQ testing and the notion of training oneself to "gorget" bad memories. It's interesting to see how the mind works and one can train their memory. An example I ask students consider is the experience of a trauma. These can be negative in nature and really impact an individuals day to day experiences. What are ways they might attempt to forget the negative memories in ways that positives ones are not forgotten as well? Does that make sense?

Is there more innovation in the PR field now than there was in the past? How do todays trends compared to key events that shaped the PR profession in the past? Gove specific examples to support your claims and Rlrationale.

How has new media in modernized communication campaigns ? Using a least 2 examples explain how these media modernize communication ?

Think about a sensory cue (something you experience with one of your senses) with which you have a strong association.

What is it? What associations do you have with that sensory cue?

Tell about a time when that cue triggered you.

Is this an example of classical or operant conditioning?

How might this relate to addiction?

What are some of the strengths and limitations of viewing psychopathology as statistical deviance within a population? What about as social deviance compared to population norms?