During the month of December, the average river inflow to a reservoir is 10m3/s while the dam bottom outlet releases 22 m3/s. Rainfall is measured as 30 mm uniformly distributed within the month. The average seepage from the reservoir is estimated 0.79 m3/s. The surface areas of the lake are measured from aerial photos as 15 and 11 Km2 and also the staff gauge readings of water surface are recorded as 105m and 102m in the beginning and at the end of the month respectively. (The reservoir volume at the start of the month was 98000 ML.)

a) Calculate average daily evaporation from the lake surface in mm/day.

b) Estimate pan evaporation in mm/day

c) Estimate evaporation from the reservoir surface if average wind velocity is 2.5 m/s and relative humidity is 20%. The mean air and mean water temperatures are the same and equal 20o C. The vapour pressure is recorded as 31 mb.

two cylindrical specimens A and B of a soil were loaded as follows. Both specimen were isotropically loaded by a stress of 200 kpa under drained conditions. Subsequently, the radial stress applied on specimen A was held constant and the axial stress was incrementally increased to 440 kpa under undrained conditions. The axial stress on specimen B was held constant and the radial stress was incrementally reduced to 50 kpa under drained conditions. plot the total and effective stress paths for each specimen assuming the soil is linear. isotropic. elastic material.calculate the maximum excess pore water pressure in specimen A.

3. You are a construction engineer working for a large utility contractor. The project you are working on is in New York City (Manhattan). You are installing approximately 1,000 L.F. of 48” dia. RCP for storm drains. Invert elevation ranges from 9’ to 14’ below grade.
   • Pay lines for the trench are indicated in the attached specification.
   • Soil characteristics range from SM to SC, based on the Unified Soil Classification.
   • What considerations would you make with regards to a trenching & shoring specifications for this pipe run? Your considerations should include:
   • Working on active & congested city streets
   • Encountering of groundwater
   • Anticipate encountering other underground utilities crossing over the trench +/- every 10 L.F.
   • Soil removal, storage, & backfilling. Soil can be re-used as suitable fill, providing concrete encasement & pavement specifications are met (make an assumption for pavement details, based on previous class notes).
   • Shoring specifications (type). Shoring must conform to OSHA requirements

• NOTE: It is not necessary to design a shoring system or calculate soil volumes. The answer should be a procedural or methodology consideration.

Hydraulic engineering:

A trapezoidal channel that has a 15 foot bottom width, Manning’s roughness coefficient of 0.033, bed slope of 0.0021 ft/ft, symmetrical side slopes of 4H:1V (s = 4), and conveys 250 cfs. It is dammed up to a depth of 4 feet. How far back upstream will it take for the M1 curve to reach normal depth?

    a.   1,430 ft.

    b.   1,894 ft.

    c.   2,302 ft.

    d.   2,934 ft.

    e.   3,486 ft.

Describe (in details) 5 factors, based on which contractors would specify their fees in construction projects.

explain the back washing and filtration process in a water treatment plant

Determine the number of lanes required according to Highway Capacity Manual 2010 methodology to achieve a target Level of Service (LOS) of C for a section of a freeway. The section characteristics are the following: rolling terrain, 15% trucks, 2% RVs, PHF = 0.90, AADT = 30,000 veh/day, 50% traffic in the design direction, 12 ft wide lanes, 5 ft right shoulder clearance, 4 ramps in 6 miles. Use 30^th highest hourly volume for design hour volume assuming that the value will be exceeded in 15% of similar locations.

What can we summarize about simply supported beam bridge?

For a BCC iron-carbon alloy that contains 0.15 wt% C, calculate the fraction of unit cells that contain carbon

atoms.

Mr. and Mrs. Dursley of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal, thank you very much. Unfortunately, someone, or something, had left 13very large, very deep, boot-shaped depressions in their front yard. Each depression has a volume of 1 ft3(for a total volume to be filled with 13ft3). The Dursleys plan to angrily purchase 22 kg (total weight) bags of topsoil from a local store to fill the holes. Each bag of topsoil has a water content of 10%, a total unit weight of 80 pcf, a specific gravity of 2.35 (the soil contains organic matter which has lower specific gravity than mineral soil solids). During transport, you should assume the bags will spill in the back of the Dursley’s Vauxhall Vectra hatchback, therefore the soil will have a looser total unit weigh of 70 pcf with the same 10% water content during transport. Vauxhall Vectra has 16.9 ft3of trunk space. During compaction, the soil is wetted to a 20% gravimetric water content and compacted toa total unit weight of 120pcf (the Dursleys are furious about these holes and take out the anger on compacting soil). The work will be conducted on a Thursday. How many bags of topsoil will be needed to fill these holes?

The main project is : Buying a house.

▪       Explain briefly the life cycle phases of this project and the major elements in each phase.

▪       The work breakdown structure (WBS) answers the question, “What are you going to do?” in each phase. Provide a WBS that answers this question for each of the phases with at least 3 levels of hierarchical breakdown.

▪       Put these activities into a logical sequence. Translate your activities into key milestones. How might you evaluate/measure each of these milestones?

Please help. Thank you.

In soil settlement, why is the recompression index taken from the rebound curve?? Also what is the purpose of a seating load?? THANKS

What are the main design considerations (please include benefits and consequences) associated with stopping, decision and passing site distance?