f) Discuss the following design criteria “the member must be designed adequately and safely to sustain the load i.e. ᵠR≥ᵞQ”

g) What are the difference between design and analysis of the rc section?

h) Explain the behavior of rc beam (load-deflection or Moment-curvature) under the flexural loading highlighting different stages of loading till failure; i.e. un-cracked section, cracked section, service condition, yielding and ultimate loading condition.

From load analysis, the following are the factored design forces result: Mu = 440 KN-m, Vu = 280 KN. The beam has a width of 400 mm and a total depth of 500 mm. Use f’c = 20.7 MPa, fy for shear reinforcement is 275 MPa, fy for main bars is 415 MPa, concrete cover to the centroid of the bars both in tension and compression is 65 mm, steel ratio at balanced condition is 0.02, lateral ties are 12 mm diameter. Normal weight concrete. Determine the required spacing of transverse reinforcement due to the factored shear in mm. Express your answer in two decimal places.

Calculate the required area of tension reinforcement in mm² due to the factored moment, Mu. Express your answer in two decimal places.

A Power-shift crawler tractor is excavating tough clay and pushing it a distance of 21 m. The rated blade capacity is 7.0 LCM. Maximum reverse speeds are as follows: first range, 4.8 Km/h; second range, 9.0 Km/h, third range, 12.2 Km/h. Estimate the dozer production if management conditions and job conditions are excellent and good respectively.

A pipeline is constructed to transfer drinking water from the top of a lake to a open top storage tank of a village. The distance from the lake to the storage tank is 15 km and the elevation of the storage tank is 500 m above the lake. The water demand of the village is 4.15 liters per second. The diameter and roughness of the pipe are 15 cm and 0.26 mm, respectively. There are four valves (K=2) and two 90o elbows (K=1.5) along the pipe. You can take the density and viscosity of water as 998 kg/m3 and 1.002 * 10-3 kg/m s, respectively; you can neglect the inlet and exit losses and the kinetic energy correction factor effects. Determine the power (kW) of the pump needed to transfer the water from the lake to the storage tank. If the cost of electricity is 0.48 TL/kWh, determine the annual cost of electricity if the pump works continuously.

Project managers must frequently decide whether to obtain needed products and services from internal sources or from external sources. This decision is often referred to as the make-or-buy decision. Briefly identify and explain at least three reasons that support the decision to “make” the products and at least three reasons that support the decision to “buy” the products.

The assignment is to answer the question provided above in essay form. This is to be in narrative form. Bullet points should not to be used. The paper should be at least 1.5 - 2 pages in length, Times New Roman 12-pt font, double-spaced, 1 inch margins and utilizing at least one outside scholarly or professional source related to project management. This does not mean blogs or websites. This source should be a published article in a scholarly journal (Journal of Project Management) or a professional journal (such as PMI's Project Management Journal). This source should provide substance and not just be mentioned briefly to fulfill this criteria. The textbook should also be utilized. Do not use quotes. Do not insert excess line spacing. APA formatting and citation should be used.

1. What factors affect the costs of labor when estimating masonry?

2. How may the type of bond (pattern) affect the amount of materials required?

3. Why is high accuracy required with an item such as masonry?

4. Why should local suppliers be contacted early in the bidding process when special shapes or colors are required?

5. Why must the estimator separate the various sizes of masonry units in the estimate?

6. What is a cash allowance and how does it work?

Two plans are under consideration to provide certain facilities for a public utility. Each plan is designed to provide enough capacity during the next 18 years to take care of the expected growth of load during that period. Regardless of the plan chosen now, it is forecast that the facilities will be retired at the end of 18 years and replaced by a new plant of a different type. Plan I requires an initial investment of $50,000. This will be followed by an investment of $25,000 at the end of 9 years. During the first 9 years, annual disbursements will be $11,000; during the final 9 years, they will be $18,000. There will be a $10,000 salvage value at the end of the 18th year. Plan II requires an initial investment of $30,000. This will be followed by an investment of $30,000 at the end of 6 years and an investment of $20,000 at the end of 12 years. During the first 6 years, annual disbursements will be $8,000; during the second 6 years they will be $16,000; during the final 6 years they will be $25,000. There will be no salvage value at the end of the 18th year. Using an i of 9%, compare the present worth of the net

disbursements for the two plans and which plan will you recommend?

Explain Compaction, Field compaction methods, Role of water content in compaction, Factors affecting compaction, the effect of compaction on the soil properties. Make sure we have some examples.

Compare AASHTO with the ASTM and come with a conclusion which one is more restricted? And do you think it is a valid restriction? And is the restriction valid for our infrastructure durability ?

What type of proposed professionals that will be part of the consultancy group performing the EIA?

1. (2 pts) What things do we need to be measured during the consolidation test?

2. (2 pts) What is the difference between primary consolidation and secondary consolidation?

3. (4 pts) Using a semi‐log plot of time versus dial readings describe the procedure that are used to determine the coefficient of consolidation cv?

4. (2 pts) Does the laboratory sample in the consolidation test deform laterally?

5. (2 pts) How many drainage paths are there in a consolidation test?

6. (4 pts) Describe how an oedometer can be used to determine the volumetric changes in a soil sample due to wetting over a range of vertical pressures?

7. (2 pts) What assumption do we make to permit us to compute settlement (vertical changes in ground surface) using the volumetric changes in a soil tested in the consolidation test?

discuss this please

1. The relationship between the fineness of cement and the resistance to concrete compression.,
2. The maternal heat rate of five types of Portland cement.
3. The development of resistance to pure compounds paste in cement
4, the rate of maternal heat rate, originally, types of Portland cement

Your client would like to subdivide his property into 60-acre parcels. He owns the NE ¼ of section 12, and the S ½ of the NW ¼ of section 12. Diagram a solution for the subdivisions?