COAGULATION – Treatment of a water supply required 60 mg/l of alum as a coagulant. The natural alkalinity of the water is 20 mg/l. Based on theoretical chemical reactions, what dosage of lime as CaO is required to react with the alum after the natural alkalinity is exhausted?

Negotiations are an important part of the construction project, from start to finish. Negotiations need to made in good faith, with all parties expecting compromises. When negotiations fail, mediation and arbitration can settle project disputes.

Why aeration is important for activated sludge process? What would be the effect on the DO profile with time (provide a sketch) and BOD removal and sludge production if:

Pumping more air than the required amount

a) Why is consolidation settlement inherently a nonlinear process? b) Name two ways we can increase the rate of consolidation, and explain why they work. c) You are running a consolidation test and your lab group member accidentally clogged the drainage on one side of the sample you are testing. How will this affect the measured settlement? d) Why do some soils expand when sheared, while others contract when sheared?

Traffic on a three-lane freeway observes a triangular flow-density relationship with free-flow speed vf=100km/h, capacity c=2000veh/h/lane, jam density kj=150veh/km/lane. Flow in the freeway from upstream is 5000veh/h, while the ramp flow is negligible (almost zero).At 9:45am, an accident occurs at point A. The vehicles involved close one lane of traffic (total capacity reduces to 4000veh/h) for 15min and afterwards the scene is clear (capacity returns to 6000veh/h). Lucy enters the freeway via the ramp at point B at 10:00am. Distance AB is equal to 6.5km.What time [h] does Lucy leave the queue?What time [h] does Lucy pass the accident scene (point A)?

A 4m thick clayey layer was initially water saturated with water content w = 34%, and in situ effective stress σzo’ = 31 kPa. Clearly state your assumptions to determine: a) The total settlement in this clay layer, if the final void ratio after consolidation is ef = 0.75. b) If OCR = 2.2, the construction of an embankment at this site induces 48.5 kPa additional load, what will be the total settlement at this site? Assuming Cc = 0.3 and Cr = 0.06. (c) What will be the settlement after 10 years of consolidation, assuming Cv = 3.2 × 10-7 cm2 /sec and double drainage condition.

Write at least four (4) paragraphs about Dilatometer test as a geotechnical engineer.

What is the Penman Combination equation and what does each term mean in the equation. What unit should each term be in?

A trapezoidal channel has size slopes of 3:1 (H:V), a bottom width of 22 feet, a longitudinal slope of 0.0003, a Manning’s roughness coefficient of 0.023, and carries a flow rate of 340 cfs.

a) Calculate the normal depth in this channel.
b) Calculate the normal specific energy.
c) Calculate the Froude number. State the classification of flow.
d) State how the critical depth will compare to the normal depth and why.

Discuss the effects of dropping the hammer in a NZ Standard Compaction Test from a height of LESS THAN 300 mm.
What effect does this have on the Optimum water content?
Plot a graph of energy versus hammer height from 250 mm to 400 mm in steps of 50 mm to illustrate your answer. Assume the mould, hammer mass, number of layers (3) and blows (27) are all constants.                                                                                               [10 marks]

1. List 5 important things to include in a surveying contract.

Frederick Herzberg’s Theory is one of the motivation theories applied in the construction industry.Describe this motivation theory and its applicability to the Consultants in the construction team. (preferably 8 different points) ESSAY FORMAT

For PROJECT MANAGEMENT SUBJECT FROM QUANTITY SURVEYING COURSE

The bolt is made of 2014-T6 aluminum alloy and is tightened so it compresses a cylindrical tube made of Am 1004-T61 magnesium alloy. The tube has an outer radius of 10 mm, and both the inner radius of the tube and the radius of the bolt are 5 mm. The washers at the top and bottom of the tube are considered to be rigid and have a negligible thickness. Once snug against the washers, the nut is tightened a full turn. If the bolt has 10 threads per centimeter, determine the stress in the bolt.

A sample of soil was tested; the results were
void ratio e = 1.024
moisture content w = 33.4%
specific gravity of solids Gs = 2.75

Using a phase diagram, determine the following:
a) The soil's bulk, dry and saturated unit weights, and degree of saturation;
b) The volume of air void in 1m^3 of this soil; and
c) The weight of water required to fully saturate the 1m^3 soil

What is the quoted current price for a new average-sized scraper and a bulldozer?