a) Why the flexural cracks are vertical (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam; while shear cracks are inclined with approximately 45 degree from the longitudinal axis of the beam? Explain and discuss.

b) Why the design of rc section has to be carried out in such away to initiate the failure in steel before concrete? Explain and discuss.

c) What are the assumptions used in the reinforced concrete design?

Identify at least five key hazards associated with the excavation required for the given project, and
evaluate the degree of risk for each hazard, using scales for likelihood and severity of your own
devising.

What is the purpose of nondestructive testing?

11)Comment on how non-destructive tests can be selected for quality control and also to determine if a component has reached a point where it needs to be replaced. (i.e. Plane strain fracture toughness)

How are composites materials different from Ceramic ones?

List the three typical sub groups of composites materials as classified in class.

Give two examples (from each category listed above.

State the distinct engineering applications for the two materials from the three groups listed in [iii].

How are Polymer materials different from Metallic materials?

Draw the typical microstructural features associated with the three sub-categories of polymer materials

On 25 September 2017, Berlin successfully hosted its 42nd marathon. The 2017 Berlin Marathon consisted of wheelchair/handbiker marathon, skater marathon, and a running marathon. Construct an (AON) Activity on Node diagram on the Berlin marathon. Limit your activities between 20 to 30. You do not need to calculate duration. You do not need to determine the critical path.

give me significance of study of the research topic: Impact of variation order in construction project

In 1900, the magnetic bearing of a line was N 25° 30’ W and the magnetic declination was 4° 20’ E. In 2020, the magnetic declination at this location is 1° 15’ E. What is the present magnetic bearing?

CORRECT ANSWER IS N 22° 25’ W

You are measuring a line with a steel tape that has a standardized length equal to 100.000 feet and a weight of 2.25 lb. Three full tape lengths and one partial length were used when making the measurement, resulting in a recorded length of 389.28 ft. The tape was supported at ends only and a pull of 12 pounds was used. What is the distance after being corrected for sag?

CORRECT ANSWER IS 389.82ft

The material correction factor is 1.0. Assume slot dozing, and a 50 min/hr job efficiency. For weight, wet sand is pretty close to 2300 pounds per Cy. Excluding grade, what is my net correction factor for the other factors (excluding grade)?

Traffic counts and signal timing data were collected for the intersection of Sand Creek Road and Wolf Road. The intersection is signalized. The collected data show that, for a particular cycle, vehicles on the through lane of the SB of Sand Creek Road had the following arrival headway pattern (counted from the start of the red time of the cycle):

– 2.5 seconds for the first 10 seconds

– 2 seconds for the time period of 44 ‐ 50 seconds, and for the time period of 130 ‐ 166 seconds

– No vehicle was observed in‐between of the above time periods.

– Collected data also show that the cycle length is 200 seconds with 140 seconds for the effective red time and 60 seconds for the effective green time. Assume the discharge headway after the signal turns green is 2 seconds. Ignore the interactions of vehicles from left‐ and right‐turn lanes when you conduct the analysis.

Find:

– Maximum queue size

– Maximum delay

– Total queuing delay

– Average queuing delay

How should Quality Assurance and Quality Control be executed on a stadium construction project?

Please describe the relationship between the various structural and functional properties for various materials (metal, ceramics and polymer).

Hint: Seek the linkage from atomic structure and bonding, to microstructures and defects, as well as processing relevance in difference property categories

A groundwater supply has the following analysis: Ca2+ = 94 mg/l HCO3- = 317 mg/l Mg2+ = 24 mg/l SO42- = 67 mg/l Na+ = 14 mg/l C1- = 24 mg/l Calculate the quantities of lime and soda ash for excess-lime softening, and the carbon dioxide reacted for neutralization by two-stage recarbonation. Assume that the practical limits of hardness removal for calcium are 30 mg/1 as CaCO3 and for magnesium are 10 mg/1 as CaCO3 and that three-quarters of the final alkalinity is converted to bicarbonate. Calculate the finished hardness and sketch the bar graphs for the raw and finished waters.