a) Why the flexural cracks are vertical (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam; while...

a) Why the flexural cracks are vertical (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam; while shear cracks are inclined with approximately 45 degree from the longitudinal axis of the beam? Explain and discuss.

b) Why the design of rc section has to be carried out in such away to initiate the failure in steel before concrete? Explain and discuss.

c) What are the assumptions used in the reinforced concrete design?

Expert Solution

a) when there is flexural crack that means Normal stress was more than the flexural strenth and in that case maximum normal strees is 90 degree to suface or 0degree from surface hense crack is vertical but in shear crack it happens when shear is maximum and which occurs at 45 degree from surface. Hense shear crack are 45degree inclined. For more clarity you can refer general mohr circle diagram.

b) we design undereinforced sectoon because in case of failure steel will fail first and steel has very high elasticity and it elongates alot before breaking so it supports the structure and people get notice of small cracks on surface of structure and they get time to evacuate .

c)

Concrete resists compression stresses and steel (reinforcement) resists tensile stresses.
The design strength of concrete is a ratio of the characteristic compressive strength while steel strength is a ratio of yield stress.
The thermal coefficient of steel and concrete is the same.

Ally Wells answered 10 months ago

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