Question

You will be pre-assigned as a team to one of the following Units: Unit Fourteen: Eye, Ear, and Skin Drugs; Unit Fifteen: Endocrine Drugs; Unit Seventeen: Reproductive and Gender-Related Drugs; Unit Eighteen: Emergency Drug

Prepare a 15-minute Summary Presentation for a class to include the following:

Summary of the Unit/Classification

Minimum of three types of drugs or supplements

Typical routes of administration

Common side effects and adverse effects

Special considerations

Common Nursing interventions

Teams must distill the material to only key points. The presentation may be a PowerPoint, lecture, and handouts, poster or anyway the team feels they will best present the information. Use your textbook and Davis's Drug Guide as your resources.

Answer 1

The unit I chose to teach is EMERGENCY DRUGS.

EMERGENCY DRUGS:

The emergency drugs are those medications which are used in to save lives in emergency situations like stroke, cardiac arrest, poisoning, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures. The common emergency drugs are catergorized into three:

• Life saving drugs like Adrenaline, Atropine, Lidocaine,Calcium gluconate, sodabicarbonate, Dopamine.
• Other drugs like Midazolam, Hydrocortisone, Ondensterone, Dextrose 50%, Dextrose 25%.
• Drugs for poisoning and overdoses like Naloxone,Antisnake venom, PAM, Vitamin K, Protamine Sulphate,Oxygen, Activated charcoal etc

The drugs for todays discussion are:

1) Atropine 2) Lidocaine 3) Naloxone

Name of the drug	Atropine	Lidocaine	Naloxone
Drug class and uses	Atropine sulphate is an anticholinergic agent and muscarinic antagonist. Its used to reduce respiratory secretions, treats sinus bradycardia, reverse effects of anticholinestrase medications.	This drug is also known as Xylocaine. It is used to numb a specific area i.e as topical or local anaesthetic agent, to treat ventricular arrhythmias, for nerve blocks.	Naloxone blocks or reverses the effect of opioid medications.Its used to treat narcotic overdose in emergency situations.
Dosage and route	Its available as single dose injection with dosage as 0.1 mg/ml for adult and 0.05mg/ml for pediatric. It can be administered parentarally by subcutaneous, intravenous and intramuscular routes.	Its available as multi dose vial. Its administered parenterally through intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneously.	NaloxoneIs available in multi dose vials. It is administered intravenously, Subcutaneously, intramuscular injection.
Side effects	Dryness of mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, tachycardia are common, Constipation and difficulty in micturation occurs in elderly patients. In cases hypersensitivity reactions are noted especially skin rashes.	Sleepiness,muscle twitching, confusion, changes in vision,Numbness, tingling and vomiting.	Increased sweating, nausea, restlessness, trembling, vomiting, flushing and headache.
Adverse effects	palpitations, dilated pupil, hot dry skin, thirst, dizziness, difficulty in swallowing, restlessness, tremors, fatigue and ataxia.	CNS excitation and depression, hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias,tinnitus, utricaria, bronchospam, methemoglobinemia,Inflammation of vein at injection site.	Hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, ventricular fibrilation, agitation, body pain, brain disease coma
Special considerations	Highly potent drug so avoid overdosage. Donot administer untill solution is clear and seal is intact. Use with caution when used for elderly clients.	Medication should be administered only by the clinican who is familiar with drug . Keep oxygen and other resusitation measures available. Local anaesthetic containing antimicrobial preservatives should not be used for epidural and spinal anaesthesia Avoid intravascular injection of drug. Careful and constant cardiovascular and respiratory status must be monitored.	Watch for signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Prevent drug overdosage. Use cautiously on pregnant, mothers and newborns.
Nursing interventions	Assess for presence of any side effect or adverse effects. Monitor vital signs before and after drug administration especially heart rate. Monitor the intake and output. HAve patient void before giving atropine. Monitor CNS status and signs of drug overdose. Watch for atropine fever i.e hyperthermia due to suppression of perspiration and heat loss.	Monitor ECG and BP constantly.Assess the neurological and respiratory status constantly to watch for signs of toxicity. Stop infusion if ECG indicates excessive cardiac depression. Monitor for side effects.	Observe patient closely. Patient may develop opioid withdrawal if given to patient who is opioid dependent. Monitor respiration and other vital signs. Monitor surgical patients for bleeding as its associated with abnormal coagulation tests.