Question

Explain one way to grow a bacteria that would allow them to develop antibiotic resistance. Then explain one genetic modification you could make to your bacteria to help them develop antibiotic resistance.

Answer 1

Developing antibiotic resistance by growing a bacteria :

Antibiotic resistance can be developed within a bacterial cell just without the help of genetic modification and growing them in-vitro. The bacteria that has to be made resistance against a particular antibiotic should be cultured in a media containing very minimal dosage of that antibiotic. Then the bacteria should be incubated for a period to make it enriched with that media. After that subsequent subcultures have to be done with gradual increasing in the dose of antibiotic. In this way, we can make some bacteria antibiotic resistance. An another way to bring antibiotic resistance just by growing a bacteria in-vitro and without the help of genetic modification is that the bacteria that has to be made resistance against a particular antibiotic has to be cultured with an another bacteria that already show resistance against that specific antibiotic. Growing the bacteria together can results in horizontal gene transfer. Through this the antibiotic resistance gene of plasmid of the second bacteria can transfer to the bacteria of our interest. And thus can bring antibiotic resistance to the bacteria of our interest.

Developing antibiotic resistance by genetic modification :

We can design a plasmid according to the bacteria of our interest, means with the origin of replication that work efficiently in that bacteria, a supportive promoter etc. And an antibiotic resistance gene that gives resistance to that antibiotic has to be embedded in that plasmid. The antibiotic resistance gene can be isolated from an another organism that already show resistance against that antibiotic or can be synthesized artificially. The the plasmid containing the supportive orogin of replication, promoter, antibiotic resistance gene etc. is transformed to the competent cells of the bacteria of our interest. This genetic modification will make the bacteria antibiotic resistance.

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