Some hormones are synthesized and are stored in vesicles until signaled to release into the blood. Other hormones are synthesized on demand. Which category of hormones is stored and which is synthesized on demand?

1. Stored: steroid; on demand: peptide & amine
2. Stored: steroid & peptide; on demand: amine
3. Stored: peptide & amine; on demand: steroid
4. Stored: steroid & amine: on demand: peptide
5. Stored: peptide; on demand: steroid & amine

Explain why the structure of each relates to it’s function you selected.

How do patients with Cushing disease pair with osteoporosis? Explain in detail the connection between the two diseases. Do they need special considerations in the diagnosis and management of either condition? Are they at a disadvantage compared to an otherwise healthy individual?

Describe how an individual could possess XY chromosomes, yet appear as a female.

6. Compare/contrast cardiac muscle with skeletal muscle. In a figure show the ion fluxes associated with an action potential in contractile cardiac muscle fibers.

8. Compare the electrical activity (ion current fluxes) in cardiac pacemaker cells with that found in cardiac muscle cells. Specify an additional role for calcium in the cardiac muscle cell action potential. Use a figure.

11. When looking at the extrinsic control of the arterioles, explain how sympathetic stimulation (stress) affects the blood flow and diameter of vessels in the heart vs circulatory system when comparing alpha-1 receptors and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. What are the corresponding ligands (hint…abcd)?

1. Compare and contrast Oogenesis with Spermatogenesis with regard to

1. Ability to produce new sperm or ova during lifetime:
2. How many sperm or ova are produced from a single spermatogonium or oogonium:
3. When meiosis begins:
4. Where it occurs:

When LH levels increase in a female (select ALL appropriate),

Group of answer choices

a)A corpus luteum is formed

b)progesterone levels increase

c)Follicle cells grow around a developing oocyte

d)Estrogen is not secreted

A 65 kg, 34-year-old epileptic patient is receiving 300 mg phenytoin daily for epilepsy. Her albumin is 2.4 g/dL and creatinine clearance is 79 ml/min. After three weeks of therapy, the total phenytoin concentration is 8.5 mg/L. What is the recommended new phenytoin dose to achieve a therapeutic concentration of 10 - 20 mg/L?

Explain briefly how hydration levels affect skinfold, BIA and DXA measurements

The inflammation of a tendon or its attachment point due to overuse of the muscle is known as ______. A compound which accumulates in muscle fibers where it stores energy that can be used to synthesize ATP is known as ______. Skeletal muscle fibers develop from cells called ______. The ilopsoas muscle, a combination of the iliacus and psoas major muscles, are important because they function as ______. The enzyme which removes and recycles the neurotransmitter from the receptors of Na+ gated ion channels on the sarcolemma is ______. The gastrocnemius joins with two other muscles, ______ and ______, to from the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon. Chemicals which cause production of action potentials in the post-synaptic membrane are called ______. A condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly as to not allow any relaxation between muscle contractions is called ______. The progressive genetic disease where muscle tissue is replaced with fibrous connective tissue is known as ______. Opposition by the thumb is accomplished by contraction of the ______ muscle. A strong band of fibrous connective tissue which covers the flexor and extensor tendons of the wrist and holds them in place is the ______. An age-associated, progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle is known as ______.