In: Anatomy and Physiology
Bullous pemphigoid---
It is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the deposition of IgG autoantibodies and C3 at dermoepidermal junction.It usually occurs in elderly patient.The IgG abtibodies are produced against two BP antigens which are components of hemidesmosomes in the basement membrane.
Clinical features--Itchy;hemorrhagic blisters on normal or urticarial skin.Mucosal lesions are infrequent; Rupture less readily than bullae of pemphigus vulgaris ;lesions heal with milia formation
Investigation-Diagnosis is mainly made by histopathology showing dermoepidermoid bulla ;immunopathology showing the IgG and C3 linear deposits at dermoepidermal junction and serology showing circulating IgG to BPag .
Treatment--
In case of localized disease ; topical steroids and dapsone is used.A combination of tetracyclines and niacinamide can also be used.
In case of generalized disease ; systemic steroids and immunosupressive drugs like azathioprine are used.