Match each nephron region with the applicable response.

1 Collecting duct

2 Distal convoluted tubule

3 Proximal convoluted tubule

4 Bowman's capsule

5 descending limb of the loop of Henle

A. Epithelial cells in this region have a decreased density of apical membrane aquaporins when vasopressin secretion is high.

B. Epithelial cell sin this region engage in significant reabsorption of nutrients such as glucose

C. Epithelial cells in this region have an increased density of basolateral membrane sodium-potassium pumps when aldosterone secretion is high

D. Epithelial cells in this region have an increased density of apical membrane aquaporins when vasopressin secretion is high

E. Epithelial cells in this region have gaps between them that allow significant paracellular movement of water and solutes

F. Epithelial cells in this region have low densities of basolateral membrane sodium-potassium pumps.

1.Lymph nodes: A. Filter lymph before returning fluid to the blood B. Contain specialized cells for immune defense C. Are divided into compartments D. Have an inner medula and outer cortex E. All of the above

2. Which of the following is NOT a lymphoid organ A. Tymus B. Thyroid C. Tonsils D. All of the above (in other words, NONE of these are lymphoid organs) E. None of the above (in other words, ALL of these are lymphoid organs)

3.Which of the following is not a sign of acute inflammation? A. Redness B. Heat C. Pain D. Dizziness E. Swelling Which of the following cells secrete antibodies? A. T cells B. B cells C. NK cells D. Antibody cells E. None of the above

4.Complement proteins: A. are part of the innate arm of the immune system B. Poke holes in invading cells C. Bind to receptors of healthy cells and prevent viruses from multiplying D. All of the above E. A & B only

5.Which systems share the pharynx? A. Respiratory and cardiovascular B. Endocrine and digestive C. Digestive & lymphatic D. Respiratory & endocrine E. Digestive & respiratory

6.Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system? A. Regulation of blood pH B. Protection against pathogens C. Gas exchange D. Sound production E. All of the above

7.The _______ protects the opening to the larynx A. laryngopharynx B. Glottis C. Epiglottis D. Tongue E. Thyroid cartilage

8.Gasses cross the respiratory membrane of the alveoli by: A. Diffusion B. Active Transport C. None of the above D. the help of tiny elves

9.When intrapulmonary pressure is less than atmospheric pressure: A. Air move into the lungs B. Air moves out of the lungs C. Air can only be brought into the lungs with the help of the external intercostals D. Both B and C

10.The alveoli are surrounded by: A. Arteries B. Veins C. Lymphatic vessels D. All of the above E. None of the above

11.Which of the following is true of the trachea A. Cartilaginous rings completely surround it B. it's diameter can expand and contract C. it is found posterior to the esophagus D. All of the above E. None of the above

12.The nasal conchae provide: A. Time and space to warm inhaled air B. Time and space to humidify inhaled air C. Time and space to remove debris from inhaled air D. All of the above E. None of the above

13.The longest portion of the small intestine is the: A. Ileum B. Jejunum C. Duodenum D. Colon E. Cecum

14.The bulk of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occur in which subdivision of the small intestine? A. Ileum B. Duodenum C. Cardia D. Jejunum E. Pylorus

15.Which of the following increases the surface area for digestion and absorption in the mucosa of the small intestine? A. Taenia coli B. Rugae C. Omenta D. Microvilli E.

16.Lacteals Which of the following statements is not true of the long intestine: A. Some vitamin absorption happens here B. It reabsorbs water from its contents C. There are ascending and descending regions D. It is longer than the small intestine E. None of the above

17.Bile enters the duodenum through the: A. Gall bladder B. Cystic duct C. Pancreatic duct D. hepatopancreatic shincter E. cholecyctokinin

18.Peyer’s patches are found in the: A. Pyloric canal B. Duodenum C. Jejunum D. Ileum

19.Absorption of fats occurs in the: A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Large intestine E. All of the above

Explain 5 examples of how increasing or decreasing surface area aids the body to maintain homeostasis or to function. Each example should be from a different organ system. Identify the organ system of each of your examples.

Describe how CRISPR can be used in combination with chemogenetic methods to activate pharmacological control over cellular processes.

Please be specific and detailed. Thank you

Please answer the following:

A) what are the four main tissue types and the origin of epithelium from the germ layers.

B) Functions of the epithelium.

C) Classification of epithelium, how are they classified?

D) What is unique about pseudostratified? Transitional? Where in the body would you find such types of epithelia?

1. Digestive System Anatomy

   1. In order, name each organ and sphincter a piece of food travels through as it goes from plate, through the digestive system, and into the toilet.

   2. Identify each of the accessory digestive organs and their function.

1. Regulation of Blood pH.

   1. Describe the details of external respiration (what moves, where, how, and why?)

   2. If the blood becomes too acidotic, what happens to the rate of respiration? Explain why.

Strategy to Succeed and Homeostasis

Anatomy and Physiology can be a daunting (but also exciting!) course. We will cover every body system in this course and Anatomy and Physiology II. It’s a good idea to take a moment this week to self-reflect and get yourself organized for the upcoming term.

Throughout this course, we will often return to a common principle which regulates the human body: homeostasis. For your discussion post, provide one example of homeostasis within the body. Provide a brief 3-4 sentence explanation of the example you choose.

Additionally, identify and discuss 1-2 obstacles you may face with this course while learning anatomy and physiology. Examples may include being new to online learning, time management issues, personal or family commitments, test anxiety, etc.

Define and describe the six levels of organization of the body and explain the eleven major organs systems in the body.Define and describe the six levels of organization of the body and explain the eleven major organ systems in the body?

Explain the path conjugate pairs of B cells and T cells follow from the initial pairing at the B

cell/T cell border to the ultimate production of high affinity, isotype switched antibodies

1.An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them.

Phyllis asked the doctor why she is taking Inderal.

2.

An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them. Phyllis then asked which of her drugs is a cholesterol medicine (statin)?

3.

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:

• Pale coloration of the right leg
• Muscle cramps and pain in the right leg
• Intermittent claudication
• The right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbs
• Poor nail growth on the right foot

To help determine if the patient has peripheral artery disease, an angiography can be performed.

4,

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:Pale coloration of the right legMuscle cramps and pain in the right legIntermittent claudicationThe right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbsPoor nail growth on the right foot After the completion of various diagnostic tests, the physician was confident in her diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. Now the patient can be treated appropriately.Which of the following drugs can be given for a vasodilator effect that both improves circulation and decreases platelets from sticking together?

5.

Which group of drugs can be used for patients with PAD to help decrease their cholesterol?

1.

2.

3.A(An) BLANK angina occurs without exertion and feels unlike any chest pain felt before. This pain can last up to a half-hour and does not go away with medicine.

A.stable

B.unstable

C.variant

4.Rheumatic heart disease can result from an untreated BLANK bacterial infection.

A.pseudomonas auriginosa

B.streptococcus

C.helicobacter pylori bacteria

5.Which of the following cardiomyopathy conditions is present when the left and right ventricles have become stiff?

1. The BLANK layer of a blood vessel is made up of smooth muscles that gives the vessel the ability to dilate and constrict.

A.tunica externa

B.tunica media

C.tunica interna

2.One hundred percent of humans have blood that has an Rh factor.

3.

4.the BLANK the shade of color seen during a color doppler, the higher the velocity of blood flow.

A.brighter

B.duller

C.darker

5.

Why are more free radicals generated during endurance exercise?

Once certified, how do you plan on using your Nutrition Coach Certification? What type of population will you be able to work with and what type of coaching strategies will you be able to use? Is there any population that you will not be able to work with?