11. Define Chondromalacia Patella.

12. List 3 guidelines for working with clients with Chondromalacia Patella.

13. For clients with knee ligament instability/injury, what should you try to limit when designing their exercise program?

14. Define "Anterior Impingement Syndrome", and what types of repetitive movements lead to this chronic injury?

15. List 3 key to the management of Low Back Pain.

ONLY FILL OUT THE TABLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTION BELOW THE TABLE

Fourth workout design – Knee Ligament Instability (5 points)

Your client is a 29 year-old man that tore his ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus 12 months prior while skiing. He had surgery to repair all three structures 10 months ago, and has completed 3 months of physical therapy. His goals are to continue to strengthen his hamstring muscles (physical therapy), reduce the occasional swelling and pain he has in the knee, and he would eventually like to resume skiing (with a brace).

Give a 3 to 4 sentence explanation of why you chose this workout for this client.

Chief Complaint: 68-year-old man with a cough and dyspnea ("shortness of breath") for the past week.

History: Daniel McDonald, a 68-year-old white male with a 40-pack-year smoking history suffered from chronic bronchitis for which he had been on antibiotics for several months. Two weeks ago, he began coughing up a bloody sputum ("hemoptysis"). In the past week he's become increasingly short of breath. A routine chest X-ray revealed two silver dollar-sized opacities on the right side of the carina. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a tumor that was nearly occluding the right mainstem bronchus. A bronchial biopsy revealed the diagnosis: bronchogenic carcinoma.

Explain why this man has bloody sputum ("hemoptysis").

Explain why this man has shortness of breath ("dyspnea").

If you examined the cancerous tissue under the microscope, how might the cells differ in appearance from normal bronchial epithelium?

How might this type of cancer metastasize (i.e. spread to other parts of the body)? In other words, by which routes might the cancer cells reach other organs?

Why is the surgical removal of a lung cancer so ineffective in halting the disease?

Identify and compare two primary and two secondary lymphoid organs

Calculate the # of ATP produced from the complete oxidation of 1 glucose molecule during rest?

Ryan is finishing his trail half marathon and starts to sprint the last half mile of the race. During this time Ryan’s legs really start to burn. Describe, in detail, what is happening metabolically in his muscles during this last half mile. Elaborate on how this affects the rest of the metabolic pathways.

Q1. Kwasi Manu (a 54-year-old man) examined by an ophthalmologist was found to have a
bitemporal hemianopia. Radiologic and biochemical examinations showed the pituitary gland to
be of normal size and function.
a) What visual pathway structure is responsible for the visual field defect - bitemporal
hemianopia?
b) What other anatomic structure, if enlarged, might press on the visual pathway structure
named in (i) above?

Q2. Dr Serwaa examined the fundi of a 30-year-old man by means of an ophthalmoscope. Dr
Serwaa was experiencing difficulty distinguishing between retinal arteries and veins. What are
the normal visible differences between retinal arteries and veins?

Q3. An inflammation of the ciliary body and iris may give rise to a so-called ciliary injection.
Describe the arteries that give rise to the ciliary injection.

Q4. What is the innervation of the sphincter and dilator pupillae muscles?

Q5. Corneal deturgescence is dependent upon:
i)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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iii)…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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in 1-2 sentences describe why this statement is false:

The humoral immune response involves Natural Killer T Cells that function to degrade ‘non-self’ foreign cells or cells that are infected with pathogens.

Describe how the parasympathetic nervous system influences the release of bile in the body. Describe the physiology behind the release of bile. How does it happen? What occurs in the heart/blood vessels? Which scenarios or external factors would cause the parasympathetic nervous system to activate this response?

How does the time it takes to diffuse a certain distance change as the radius of the particle increases?

Differentiate between anatomical, alveolar and physiological dead space.

Explain what is happening to your body with coronavirus. Explain what happens from the time you breathe in an air droplet to when it causes organ failure.

do you belive in women's rights ?

a 35 year medically fit non-smoking patient presents complaining of a buccal intraoral swelling associated with his lower right posterior teeth. In addition, the patient complains of bleeding gums and wishes to improve the appearance of the gingiva around tooth FDI 23 that clinically has associated class II gingival recession.

Initial clinical examination indicates an intraoral swelling with a draining sinus between teeth FDI 45 and 46, grade I mobility of 46, generalized clinical loss of attachment of 3-4mm and generalized pocketing of 5-6mm with bleeding on probing around all teeth.

Questions:
1-discuss the treatment options available for the management of this patient

2-discuss the pros and cons for the non-surgical and surgical management