Does an ECG tracing give us specific information about the change in membrane potential for the cardiomyocytes? Why not? ( Answer yes/no and then provide explanation based on what you know about the different waves/complexes)

provide the Stimulus (how homeostasis is disturbed), 2. Signaling cell, 3. Target cell, 4. Result (how homeostasis is restored) for:

1. ADH
2. Calcitonin
3. T3 & T4
4. Parathyroid Hormone
5. E & NE
6. Insulin
7. Glucagon

1. Mark is a healthy adult male from Miami who has been living at high altitude for five weeks. What physiological changes have likely occurred due to being at high altitude for that amount of time? Select all that apply.

Select one or more:

a. Decreased max heart rate

b. Decreased cardiac output

c. Decreased ability to drink water

d. Increased red blood cell production

e. Increased blood volume

f. Increased cardiac output at rest

g. A reduction in muscle mass

1. Mary is aware of the many ways the body adapts to training at high altitude. She is a competitive runner and wonders if training in high-altitude environments will help her performance at sea level. She wants to implement a "live high, train low" strategy. How could she achieve this?

a. Live and train at high altitude for one month and then compete at sea level.

b. Move to a town with higher elevation and train in her neighborhood.

c. Sleep in a simulated high altitude environment and train at sea level.

d. Sleep in a simulated sea-level environment and train in a high altitude environment.

2. Jim lives at sea level and is planning to hike Pikes Peak at an altitude of 14,000 feet. As you know, there are environmental differences between locations at sea level and locations at higher elevations.

Which of the following statements are true about the environmental differences between sea level and high-altitude environments? Select all of the true statements.

Select one or more:

a. Reduced barometric pressure increases oxygen availability in the blood.

b. Regardless of elevation, the Earth's atmosphere is always comprised of 20.93% oxygen.

c. As altitude increases, air temperature tends to decrease.

d. Cities at sea level tend to have an average barometric pressure of 430 mmHg.

e. As altitude increases, barometric pressure decreases.

3.

f. At higher altitudes, the atmosphere has a reduced ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide.

g. As partial pressure of oxygen decreases, it becomes more difficult for the body to deliver adequate oxygen throughout the body.

Explain how and why the circulatory and respiratory systems (of a child being born) change at birth.

b. How do the changes (described in the previous question) in the circulatory and respiratory systems affect gas exchange and pH balance?

c. How do these changes in the circulatory and respiratory systems (from the previous questions) affect the renal and lymphatic systems?

Can you list brief differences between paracrine, autocrine, neural, exocrine, and endocrine signaling?

• Describe the embryonic development of the male and female reproductive systems

• Describe different methods of birth control, including how they prevent pregnancy

• Describe the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in breastfeeding

• Describe the anatomical, metabolic, and physiological changes a woman undergoes during pregnancy

• Understand the functions of the placenta

• Explain how sperm and eggs are formed

• Explain the steps that lead to the fusion of a sperm with an egg

• Explain the different stages of the ovarian and menstrual cycles

• Describe how different methods of birth control can be used to prevent pregnancy